Jonathan's Space Report

No 789 2021 Feb 23 Somerville, MA

International Space Station

Expedition 64 continues under the command of Sergey Ryzhikov

Cygnus NG-14, the S S Kalpana Chawla, was deorbited on Jan 26 with entry over the S Pacific at 2023 UTC It departed ISS on Jan 6 and spent 20 days in a 475 x 490 km orbit

On Jan 27 astronauts Hopkins and Glover performed spacewalk US EVA-69 using spacesuits EMU 3006 and 3009 SAFER backpacks 13 and 18 were also used The Quest airlock was depressurized by about 1118 UTC and the hatch was opened at 1126 UTC, with the astronauts putting the suits on battery power 2 min later The first major task was to install the ColKa antenna on the outside of ESA's Columbus module ColKa, built by MDA/Harwell in England, provides high bandwidth Ka-band science data download The ColKa package was launched on the Cygnus NG-13 mission in Feb 2020 and has been stored inside ISS since then The package has a mass of 105 kg plus a 15 kg removable cover Glover mounted the Canadarm-2 at ESP-2 and carried ColKa to Columbus, installing it at 1242 UTC and completing bolting it down by 1316 UTC Next the astronauts routed cables to ColKa and to the Bartomoleo platform (Unfortunately, two Bartomoleo cables could not be connected and were left tied down for a future EVA ) The ColKA cover was removed at 1529 UTC and jettisoned into space by Glover at 1600 UTC The cover was cataloged as S47513, 1998-067RY in a 417 x 421 km orbit The astronauts then retrieved equipment from the airlock and moved to the P6 truss to remove two H-fixture bolts from the solar array mast there The astronauts returned to the airlock, ingressing at 1813 UTC and closing the hatch at 1820 UTC Quest was repressurized at 1824 UTC

On Jan 29 the Dextre arm removed a spare LiIon battery, attached to a FRAM adapter plate, from the ESP-3 stowage platform The battery was launched to ISS in the Dragon CRS-19 trunk Dextre then removed old NiH batteries 72 and 69 from P4 IEA slot 5 and 6 The new battery was then removed from its FRAM and placed in slot 5 One of the old batteries was stowed on the HTV-9 EP-9 external pallet, and the other was attached to the FRAM, which then was put back on ESP-3

If any of my readers know the LiIon battery serial number, please let me know

EVA-70 on Feb 1 completed the battery work Hopkins and Glover, using the same suits, depressurized Quest by 1248 UTC, opened the hatch at 1255 UTC, and went to battery power at 1256 UTC They went to the P4 IEA In slot 2 were two adapter plates, one on top of the other They removed the top one, AP0009, and installed it in the empty slot 6, and connected it to the battery in slot 5 This marks the near completion of 3 years of battery replacement work at ISS; all that remains is to dispose of the EP-9 pallet with its old batteries

The astronauts then removed two more H-fixtures from solar array masts, replaced a EVTCG camera group on the CP3 boom at S1 lower outboard, added a new HD camera to the camera group on the Destiny module's CP13 boom, and installed a new WVEB (Wrist Vision Equipment Box) camera at the base of the Japanese JRMS robot arm They returned to airlock with hatch closure at 1812 UTC and repressurization at 1815 UTC

The Progress MS-15 cargo ship undocked from Pirs at 0521:30 UTC Feb 9 It fired its engine for the 3 5-minute deorbit burn at 0830:11 UTC with debris impact in the S Pacific at 0913 UTC Progress MS-16 was launched on Feb 15 and docked with the Pirs module at 0626 UTC Feb 16

On Feb 20 Northrop Grumman launched the Cygnus NG-15 cargo ship, S S Katherine Johnson, on an Antares 230+ rocket from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport at Wallops Island, Virginia NG-15 will rendezvous with the ISS; the 8050 kg spacecraft includes 3734 kg of pressurized cargo Aboard Cygnus for later deployment is a JAXA J-SSOD (#16) with seven cubesats: Paraguay's first satellite, GuaraniSat; a Filipino satellite, Maya-2; Kyushu Tech's Tsuru; Tel Aviv University's TAU-SAT; Moldova's first satellite, the Technical University of Moldova's TUMnanosat; Osaka OPU's Hirogari; and RymanSat's RSP-01 The S S Katherine Johnson was captured by Candarm-2 at 0938 UTC Feb 22 and berthed on the Unity module at 1216 UTC

J-SSOD-16 will be transferred to Kibo for later deployment Nanoracks NRCSD-E and SEOPS-LLC Slingshot deployers are also attached to Cygnus and will deploy their payloads after NG-15 leaves ISS Slingshot will deploy Gunsmoke-J and two other military cubesats (maybe LANL/SOCOM Prometheus 2 sats?) NRCSD-E carries the UAE's DhabiSat and the IT-SPINS satellite from Montana State U

Also aboard the Antares were nine ThinSat `strings' (each a set of small payload boxes connected by cables), ejected from the Antares second stage 13 min after launch The satellites are expected to reenter in a matter of days Each ThinSat string is 1 to 2 kg in mass and up to 2 metres long, but they have not been added to the US satellite catalog despite meeting the traditional criteria for being counted as satellites I have added them to the GCAT auxiliary catalog as objects A09696 to A09704

Transporter-1

On Jan 24 SpaceX launched the Transporter-1 mission, placing a record number of satellites in orbit on a single launch 110 satellites were deployed, plus a dispenser structure and 4 support rods Two of the satellites are dispenser craft containing a total of 33 further satellites to be deployed in the coming weeks, so the total number of payloads associated with the launch will be 143 The second stage entered parking orbit at 1508 UTC, and circularized its orbit at 1554 UTC Deployments occurred from 1558 to 1631 UTC The Sherpa-FX satellite then deployed subsatellites from about 1800 to 2000 UTC

The second stage was deorbited in the south Pacific west of Chile at about 1658 UTC and the first stage landed on the OCISLY droneship

Transporter-1 is a complex mission The second stage carried a stack of 10 Starlink satellites Above the Starlinks was a payload adapter with three ESPA rings above it The ESPA rings are designated A, B and C with C being the topmost one The various rideshare payloads were attached to dispensers on the four large ports around each ESPA ring In addition, an extra dispenser location was present on the top ring, and the Falcon 9 second stage had a cubesat dispenser attached to its aft end next to the rocket engine

The mission is a good illustration of the importance of new layer of intermediary space companies that bundle satellite deployments, sitting between the launch vehicle providers and the satellite owners In my opinion, this extra `service industry' layer is a sign of the existence of a mature commerical space economy

The Transporter 1 payloads, excluding Starlink, are listed below The satellites are mostly from the USA except where noted The 143 satellites have 24 different owner/operators from 11 countries

ESPA Port Carrier mission Payloads

A2 D-Orbit Pulse ION-SVC-2 LAURENTIUS (D-Orbit, Italy) Dispenser A4 Spaceflight Sherpa-FX Sherpa-FX (Spaceflight) Dispenser B1 - IQPS QPS-SAR-2 (QPS Labs, Japan) Radar imaging B2 EXOLAUNCH Zeitgeist EXOPORT2 1 x ICEYE XR (ICEYE-US) Radar imaging 36 x 0 25U Spacebee (Swarm Tech) IoT comms 1 x 6U AU Charlie (Aurora Insight) RF spectrum 1 x 3U PIXL 1 (DLR, Germany) Laser com test 1 x 2U SOMP-2b (Dresden Tech, Germany) Science B3 EXOLAUNCH Zeitgeist EXOPORT1 2 x ICEYE (ICEYE, Finland) Radar imaging C1 ISILAUNCH IS34 8 x 6U Kepler (Kepler Comms, Canada) IoT Comms 4 x 3U SuperDove Flock 4c-37 to 40 (Planet) Imaging 1 x 3U ASELSAT (ASELSAN, Turkey) Tech 1 x 3U IDEASSat (NCU, Taiwan) Science 1 x 1 5U YUSAT-1 (NTOU, Taiwan) Com/AIS 1 x 1U UVSQ-SAT (UVSQ, France) Science 1 x 6U Hiber-4 (Hiber, Netherlands) IoT Comms C3 NanoRacks Eyries-1 1 x Nemo-V1 Hugo (GHGSat, Canada) Science 8 x 3U Lemur (SpireGlobal) AIS/GNSS-RO weather C4 ISILAUNCH IS34 36 x 3U SuperDove Flock 4s-1 to 36 (Planet) Imaging C5 - Capella-3 (Capella Space) Radar imaging C6 - Capella-4 (Capella Space) Radar imaging Aft Maverick MERCURY 3 x 1U V-R3X (NASA-Ames/CMU) Tech

Sherpa-FX released the following payloads:

Sherpa-FX 3 x Defiant Hawk-2A,B,C (Hawkeye 360) RF spectrum 1 x 6U PTD-1 (NASA-Ames/Tyvak) Tech 5 x 3U Astrocast-1 x1 to 1 x5 (Astrocast, Switzerland) IoT comms 1 x 1,5U Prometheus-2 10 (Los Alamos/SOCOM) Military Comms 3 x 0 5U ARCE-1A,B,C (U South Florida) Tech

ION will release the following payloads:

ION-SVC 8 x 3U SuperDove Flock 4s-41 to 48 (Planet) Imaging 12 x 0 25U SpaceBEE (Swarm Tech) IoT Comms

The first two of these, Flock 4s-48 and 45, were deployed on Feb 8 and 10; deployments continue

YG-31

The second YG-31 group, Yaogan 31 group 2 (YG-31 hao 02 zu 01,02,03 xing) was launched from Jiuquan on Jan 29 The satellites are suspected to be ocean surveillance signals intelligence satellites similar to the US Navy/NRO NOSS-PARCAE satellites launched since the 1970s

SQ-1

The second Shang Quxian 1 (Hyperbola-1) orbital rocket from iSpace (Interstellary Glory Space Tech) was launched from Jiuquan on Feb 1, but failed to reach orbit There are some indications that the failure occurred during first stage burn Payload currently unknown; initial reports that the Fangzhou2 cubesat was aboard were incorrect

This launch, SQ-1 Y2, used a modified version of the rocket with 1 4 m diameter second and third stages (Y1 used 1 2m diamaeter for these stages) In GCAT this version will be labelled as variant 2

Lotos-S

Russia launched a Soyuz-2-1b from Plesetsk on Feb 2 carrying the fifth Lotos-S electronic intelligence satellite As normal for these satellites, it entered a 245 x 899 km x 67 1 deg orbit and then circularized to 901 x 910 km on Feb 8 The satellite will probably get the cover name Kosmos-2549

TJS 6

China's CALT launched a CZ-3B on Feb 4 with the TJS 6 satellite TJS 6 is thought to be a cover name for the Huoyan-3 early warning satellite By Feb 19 the satellite reached geostationary orbit at 178 5E

Mars

The UAE's Misabar Al'amal (Hope Probe) spacecraft entered Mars' gravitational sphere of influence at 0236 UTC Feb 5 and went into orbit around Mars at 1737 UTC Feb 9 with the completion of its orbit insertion burn Orbit was expected to be about 1000 x 49380 km x 19 6 deg China's Tianwen-1 entered the sphere of influence at 1435 UTC Feb 5 and completed Mars orbit insertion at 1208 UTC Feb 10 Orbit was 445 x 180011 km x 10 4 deg; on Feb 15 it changed its orbit to 278 x 181532 km x 87 3 deg and on Feb 20 to 278 x 84591 km x 87 7 deg

The Mars 2020 spacecraft, with the Perseverance rover, entered Mars' gravitational sphere at 0200 UTC Feb 14, on a -85 x -19810 km x 23 0 deg hyperbolic impact trajectory It arrived on Mars on Feb 18: At 2026:46 UTC, the cruise stage was jettisoned at 1600 km altitude At 2028:48 UTC, two 70 kg cruse mass balance devices were jettisoned at 1258 km altitude At 2036:52 UTC, the vehicle aeroshell reached entry interface at 5 4 km/s velocity, 125 km altitude At 2040:39 UTC, six smaller balance masses (about 25 kg each) were ejected at 21 km altitude At 2040:55 UTC the main parachute was deployed, 11 km up At 2041:17 UTC the aeroshell (heat shield) was ejected at 10 km At 2042:42 UTC the backshell and its attached parachute were ejected at 2 2 km At 2043:26 UTC the descent stage (skycrane) separated from the rover, lowering it on cables At 2043:42 UTC the descent stage performed a flyaway manuever and the rover landed on the surface At 2043:49 UTC the descent stage shut off its engine and crasehed nearby shortly theareafter The rover and helicopter are reported to be healthy, and the rover continues to return images from the surface By my estimates, Rover landing location was around 77 4508E 18 4446N in Jezero Crater on the edge of Isidis Planitia Heat shield: 77 4741E 18 4553N Backshell: 77 7418E 18 4516N Descent stage: 77 4419E 18 4522N

Starlink

Starlink launches on 2021 Feb 4 and Feb 16 each placed 60 more Starlink satellites in orbit

Table of Recent Orbital Launches

Date UT Name Launch Vehicle Site Mission INTL Catalog Perigee Apogee Incl Notes

Jan 8 0215 Turksat 5A Falcon 9 Canaveral LC40 Comms 01A S47306 288 x 55049 x 17 7 Jan 17 1938 CACTUS 1 ) Tech 02 492 x 518 x 60 7 CAPE 3 ) LauncherOne Cosmic Girl, Pacific Tech 02A S47309 490 x 519 x 60 7 ExoCube 2 ) Tech 02L S47319 490 x 516 x 60 7 MiTEE 1 ) Tech 02F S47314 489 x 509 x 60 7 PolarCube ) Tech 02 Q-PACE ) Tech 02 TechEdSat-7 ) Tech 02 S47312? 489 x 513 x 60 7 RadFxSat-2 ) Tech 02C S47311 493 x 511 x 60 6 PICS 1 ) Tech 02 PICS 2 ) Tech 02 Prometheus 2 8 ) Comms 02E S47313 493 x 514 x 60 7 Prometheus 2 11) Comms 02N S47345 489 x 512 x 60 7 Jan 19 1625 Tiantong-1 03 Chang Zheng 3B Xichang Comms 03A S47321 182 x 35815 x 28 5 Jan 20 0726 GMS-T Electron Mahia LC1 Comms 04A S47346 1140 x 1281 x 89 9 Jan 20 1302 Starlink 1952 ) Falcon 9 Kennedy LC39A Comms 05 S47349- 256 x 284 x 53 0 Starlink 2011 ) S47408 Starlink 2017 ) Starlink 2034 ) Starlink 2045-2047) Starlink 2049-2050) Starlink 2055 ) Starlink 2069-2071) Starlink 2076-2077) Starlink 2079-2082) Starlink 2084-2086) Starlink 2088-2089) Starlink 2092-2094) Starlink 2096-2106) Starlink 2108-2115) Starlink 2117-2124) Starlink 2127-2128) Starlink 2130 ) Starlink 2133-2135) Jan 24 1500 Transporter-1 ) Deployer 06 Starlink 2199-2208 ) Falcon 9 Canaveral LC40 Comms 06A-K 517 x 536 x 97 5 ION SVC LAURENTIUS ) Deployer 06CV S47504 523 x 537 x 97 5 SHERPA-FX 1 ) Deployer 06 Izanami QPS-SAR-2 ) Radar 06CA S47485 522 x 537 x 97 5 Capella-3/Whitney ) Radar 06CE S47489 532 x 559 x 97 5 Capella-4/Whitney ) Radar 06BW S47481 521 x 537 x 97 5 ICEYE X8 ) Radar 06DB S47510 524 x 537 x 97 5 ICEYE X9 ) Radar 06CX S47506 523 x 537 x 97 5 XR 1 ) Radar 06CY S47507 523 x 537 x 97 5 V-3RX 1 ) Tech 06 V-3RX 2 ) Tech 06 V-3RX 3 ) Tech 06 GHGSat Hugo ) Science 06DA S47509 524 x 537 x 97 5 Flock-4s 1 to 36 ) Imaging 06 Flock-4s 37 to 40 ) Imaging 06 Kepler-8 /Amarok ) IoT Comms 06BR S47476 525 x 537 x 97 5 Kepler-9 /Artemis ) IoT Comms 06DX S47531 525 x 537 x 97 5 Kepler-10/Baby Yoda ) IoT Comms 06CS S47501 521 x 536 x 97 5 Kepler-11/Daneel ) IoT Comms 06CU S47503 523 x 536 x 97 5 Kepler-12/Boba ) IoT Comms 06AK S47446 531 x 555 x 97 5 Kepler-13/Lucky ) IoT Comms 06AT S47454 529 x 536 x 97 5 Kepler-14 ) IoT Comms 06 Kepler-15/sudo rm -rf ) IoT Comms 06BA S47461 526 x 537 x 97 5 UVSQ-SAT ) Science 06AB?S47438? 518 x 537 x 97 5 Yushan Weixing ) Comms 06AC S47439 519 x 537 x 97 5 Feishu Weixing ) Science 06AX S47458 520 x 537 x 97 5 ASELSAT ) Tech 06 PIXL 1 ) Tech 06 SOMP 2b ) Science 06AJ S47445 519 x 537 x 97 5 Hiber 4 ) IoT Comms 06EB S47541 520 x 537 x 97 5 Aurora Insight Charlie) RF Spectrum 06AD S47440 522 x 535 x 97 5 Lemur-2-Neva ) AIS/GNSS Met 06AP S47450 520 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-NallyWacker ) AIS/GNSS Met 06AW S47457 520 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-Ruari-Elidh ) AIS/GNSS Met 06DC S47511 524 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-JenniferSong ) AIS/GNSS Met 06DR S47525 520 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-Chantal ) AIS/GNSS Met 06DV S47529 525 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-SaoirseDH5Guo ) AIS/GNSS Met 06AS S47453 521 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-NoobNoob ) AIS/GNSS Met 06DY S47538 520 x 537 x 97 5 Lemur-2-Mango1 ) AIS/GNSS Met 06CJ S47493 520 x 537 x 97 5 SpaceBEE-40 to 63 ) IoT Comms 06 Jan 24 1800? Hawk 2A ) Sherpa-FX1, LEO RF Spectrum 06CW S47505 525 x 536 x 97 5 Hawk 2B ) RF Spectrum 06CZ S47508 525 x 536 x 97 5 Hawk 2C ) RF Spectrum 06CT S47502 525 x 536 x 97 5 Jan 24 1813 Astrocast-1 x1 ) Sherpa-FX1, LEO IoT Comms 06T S47430 524 x 535 x 97 5 Astrocast-1 x2 ) IoT Comms 06CD S47488 524 x 535 x 97 5 Jan 24 1904 Astrocast-1 x3 ) Sherpa-FX1, LEO IoT Comms 06CC S47487 524 x 535 x 97 5 Astrocast-1 x4 ) IoT Comms 06DK S47519 524 x 535 x 97 5 Astrocast-1 x5 ) IoT Comms 06DH S47517 524 x 535 x 97 5 Jan 24 1915? Prometheus 2 10 Sherpa-FX1, LEO Comms 06 Jan 24 1915? ARCE 1A ) Sherpa-FX1, LEO Tech 06 ARCE 1B ) Tech 06 ARCE 1C ) Tech 06 Jan 24 1927 PTD-1 Sherpa-FX1, LEO Tech 06 Jan 29 0447 Yaogan 31 hao 02 zu 01 xing) Chang Zheng 4C Jiuquan Sigint 07A S47532 1091 x 1096 x 63 4 Yaogan 31 hao 02 zu 02 xing) Sigint 07B S47533 1091 x 1096 x 63 4 Yaogan 31 hao 02 zu 03 xing) Sigint 07C S47536 1091 x 1096 x 63 4 Feb 1 0815? Test payload? Shang Quxian 1 Jiuquan Tech F01 F01578 -6300?x 10?x 97? Feb 2 2045 Kosmos-2549? Soyuz-2-1b Plesetsk LC43/4 Sigint 08A S47546 240 x 899 x 67 1 Feb 4 0619 Starlink 1702 ) Falcon 9 Canaveral SLC40 Comms 09 S47548- 251 x 292 x 53 0 Starlink 1806 ) S47607 Starlink 1909 ) Starlink 1938 ) Starlink 1940 ) Starlink 1951 ) Starlink 1953-1971) Starlink 1975-1982) Starlink 1984 ) Starlink 1986-1991) Starlink 1993-2008) Starlink 2021-2025) Feb 4 1536 Tongxin Jishu Shiyan 6 Chang Zheng 3B Xichang LC3 Early Warn? 10A S47613 195x x 35811 x 28 5
Feb 8 1232 Flock 4s-48 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EJ S47617 523 x 541 x 97 5 Feb 10 1022 Flock 4s-45 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EP S47688 523 x 541 x 97 5 Feb 13 1200 Flock 4s-46 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EK S47684 523 x 541 x 97 5 Feb 14 1027 Flock 4s-47 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EL S47685 523 x 541 x 97 5 Feb 15 0445 Progress MS-16 Soyuz-2-1a Baykonur LC31 Cargo 11A S47618 190 x 221 x 51 6 Feb 16 0400 Starlink 1528 Falcon 9 Canaveral SLC40 Comms 12 S47667- 257 x 282 x 53 0 Starlink 1609 S47680
Starlink 1645 Starlink 1669 Starlink 1704 Starlink 1761 Starlink 1972-1974 Starlink 1983 Starlink 1985 Starlink 1992 Starlink 2009-2010 Starlink 2012-2016 Starlink 2018-2020 Starlink 2022 Starlink 2026-2028 Starlink 2030-2033 Starlink 2035-2044 Starlink 2051-2054 Starlink 2056-2060 Starlink 2062 Starlink 2064-2067 Starlink 2078 Starlink 2083 Starlink 2090-2091 Starlink 2095 Feb 16 1006 Flock 4s-44 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EM S47686 520 x 538 x 97 5 Feb 17 0956 Flock 4s-43 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EN S47687 520 x 538 x 97 5 Feb 20 1736 S S Katherine Johnson ) Antares 230+ Wallops Pad 0A Cargo 13A S47689 170 x 320 x 51 7 ThinSat 2A ) Tech 13 A09696 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2B ) Tech 13 A09697 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2C ) Tech 13 A09698 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2D ) Tech 13 A09699 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2E ) Tech 13 A09700 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2F ) Tech 13 A09701 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2G ) Tech 13 A09702 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2H ) Tech 13 A09703 170?x 320?x 51 6 ThinSat 2I ) Tech 13 A09704 170?x 320?x 51 6 Feb 18 0946 Flock 4s-42 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06EQ S47612 520 x 538 x 97 5 Feb 19 1011 Flock 4s-41 ION-SCV 2, LEO Imaging 06

Table of Recent Suborbital Launches

Iran test-flew its new Zoljanah space launch vehicle on a suborbital mission at some point on or prior to Feb 1 Iran often announces such tests days or weeks after the event

Date UT Payload/Flt Name Launch Vehicle Site Mission Apogee/km Target

Jan 14 1717 RSS First Step New Shepard West Texas Test 106 West Texas Jan 16 Sejjil RV Sejjil Garmsar, Iran Op Test 800? Indian Ocean Jan 16 Sejjil RV Sejjil Garmsar, Iran Op Test 800? Indian Ocean Jan 16 Sejjil RV Sejjil Garmsar, Iran Op Test 800? Indian Ocean Jan 16 Emad RV Emad Garmsar, Iran Op Test 400? Indian Ocean Jan 16 Emad RV Emad Garmsar, Iran Op Test 400? Indian Ocean Jan 16 Ghadr RV Ghadr Garmsar, Iran Op Test 400? Indian Ocean Jan 20 RV Shaheen 3 Somniani? Test 500? Arabian Sea Jan? Test payload Zoljanah Shahrud? Test 500? Arabian Sea Feb 3 RV Ghaznavi Somniani? Test 80? Arabian Sea? Feb 4 ABM Target B-611? Taiyuan Test 200? Urumqi
Feb 4 Interceptor DF-21? Urumqi? Interceptor 100? Takla Makan Feb 5 0905 OS-X6B OS-X6B Jiuquan? Test 300 Jiuquan? Feb 9 2330 USN RV Trident II Sub, 76W 28N Op Test 1000? S Atlantic

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