DoD News Briefing wiith Secretary Geren and Gen. Cody from the Pentagon
MAJOR GENERAL ANTHONY A. (TONY) CUCOLO (Army chief of Public Affairs): Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Tony Cucolo, chief, Army Public Affairs.
This afternoon we'd like to brief you on the stationing decisions that have been made to support the president's plan to grow the Army by 74,200 soldiers across all components, active, Guard and Reserve. And to do that today, we have the secretary of the Army, the Honorable Pete Geren, and the vice chief of staff of the Army, General Dick Cody.
Without further ado, Secretary Geren. Sir?
SEC. GEREN: Thank you, Tony. And thank all of you for being here today.
Over the past six years, the Army has undergone the largest organizational change since World War II: the largest BRAC; return of tens of thousands of soldiers from overseas into the continental United States; modularity. By 2011, a full one-third of all the soldiers in the Army will have been restationed. And we're in the midst of growing the Army by 75,000 -- 74,000 soldiers; 65(,000) active, 8,000 Guard and 1,000 Reserve.
Today we're here to talk about the Army active duty piece of grow the Army; where the 65,000 soldiers will go, the 50,000 soldiers who will be stationed at installations across the country, and the 15,000 in the TTH accounts and in TRADOC accounts.
General Dick Cody, the vice chief of staff of the Army, is going to talk about the decisions on the six new BCTs and the eight combat support and combat service support brigades, and the decision to activate two new brigades in Germany that will relocate to the continental United States in 2012 and 2013.
No one has done more to plan and execute this extraordinary, complex effort than General Cody, addressing the strategic, the tactical and the practical challenges and doing everything possible to meet the needs of soldiers and families in the midst of all of this change. General Cody has been involved at the strategic level, but his involvement has gone down to literally deciding when a day care center will open up where to make sure that we had installations -- facilities in place at those installations to meet the needs of the families.
So General Cody, if you'd please come forward and brief on -- go to the Army plan. Thank you.
GEN. CODY: Thanks, Secretary Geren.
As the secretary said, we're here today to announce where we're going to station the 6th Infantry brigade combat teams. And the other portions of the combat support, and combat service support, elements of the decision to grow the Army, the active Army, by 65,000. And what I'd like to do is hit on some of the points that Secretary Geren alluded to in terms of the size of what we're doing, because you can't brief this 65K growth, or the additional growth in the National Guard and Reserve, without looking at the Army modular force as well as the 2005 BRAC decision.
And so go ahead and give me the next slide. As the secretary said, the Army is undergoing the largest transformational change since 1942. We've changed our doctrine. We've changed our organizational structure to the Army modular force. We've changed the active component and reserve component, balancing between formations. We've changed our modernization and reset programs.
And at the same time, under BRAC 2005 and now this, we're changing the footprint of our Army to make us a more agile, more expeditionary, but also to place our formations and our family members in posts, camps and stations that have a higher quality of life, have a higher quality of training ranges, so that we absolutely have the right formations, so that we're training as we would fight.
And so as you can see on this slide, this is a tightly woven plan that we started back in 2003 as part of the Army modular force, in the temporary end strength growth of 30,000. And then with the BRAC 2005 decision, the stat moving of our forces around the world, as well as the forces we're bringing back from Germany and Korea, simultaneously doing all that while we're continuing to provide the combatant commander in Central Command with 23-plus brigade combat teams in OIF and OEF, and make sure that we have that right.
How big is this? It's about $66 billion worth of military construction, starting in FY '06 out to FY '13. That equates to over 743 military construction projects, 23 brigade combat team complexes we're building, 66 new child development centers to increase the quality of life for this all-volunteer force and the Army family, over 69,000 new barracks spaces to the one-plus-one standard that we'll be erecting, as well as renovating other barracks to the one-plus-one standard. A lot of housing units: Not just with the residential community initiative but also under Army family housing, we'll build another 4,100 Army family housing.
So this is absolutely huge what we're doing. And it's great credit to my Army staff that has been working this for the past five years, as the secretary alluded to. Two of the key members was -- (name inaudible) -- and General Dick Formica, both of whom have been instrumental in orchestrating this plan.
Next slide. Now, the stationing decision for the growth of the 65,000 was not done all the sudden once we had a decision to grow the Army by 65,000. We built on the analysis and studies of all our 304 posts, camps and installations. And we applied the BRAC 2000 model and waiting scheme, and built upon the work that we'd already done. And the four key Army capabilities that we wanted to optimize, similar to what we did in BRAC, was ensure that we had growth capacity to maximize the support also for the growth that we're putting in, but also balance for any future growth that may happen in the next 10 to 15 years.
We looked at power projection. We'll have 41 of our 48 brigades when we get done in FY '11. We'll have 41 of our 48 brigades based in the continental United States. And we wanted to ensure that we had the right rails, railheads, the right airfields and the right ports, so that we could move this Army any time that the National Command Authority wants to get the Army moving. So power projection played a big role in our analysis.
And then we looked at our training at each one of the posts, camps and stations, not just the small arms training ranges in the platoon and company training ranges but the ability now for this Army that we've transformed into a brigade-centric Army. We looked at the maneuver training areas and how well we could not just trade the new modular force, but we looked to the FCS-equipped force of the future. And so we took into account the training ranges and the maneuver ranges that we have at our posts, camps and stations, looking at it, as I said, today and into the future.
And then probably the biggest thing that we looked at was quality of life. This is an all-volunteer force, a force that we've had at war for over six years, a force that's had deployments starting at 12 months, with dwell times of 13 months. And now, due to the current surge, we've had brigade combat teams deployed for 15 months.
And we made a hard look at where we could station this force, not just the soldiers but the family members, and give them a quality of life that is equal to their quality of service for the nation. We applied our best military judgment after we did all the programmatic environmental impact statements and went across those four capabilities I talked about. And then we came to a decision that we briefed to the president on 17 December. Secretary Geren, Secretary Gates and I went in and briefed.
And so the next slide. This is where we're going to be placing these six new brigades. We're going to station two new infantry brigades at Fort Carson, Colorado. Two of the infantry brigade combat teams will go to Fort Stewart, Georgia, and two of them will go to Fort Bliss, Texas. This is above and beyond all the other growth and BRAC movements of the Army.
Additionally in the 65K growth that the secretary talked about, there's about 30,000 growth in combat support and combat service support on the active side. We have 8 support brigades that we'll be stationing also with this decision. A military police brigade, an engineer brigade will go to Schofield Barracks in Hawaii. A maneuver enhancement brigade will go to Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. A fires artillery brigade will go to Fort Bliss, Texas. A sustainment brigade and a new air defense brigade will go to Fort Hood, Texas. An expeditionary sustainment command headquarters will go to Fort Lewis, Washington. And then a new battlefield surveillance brigade, the new Army modular MI brigade, will go to Fort Polk, Louisiana.
In addition to that, we're going to restation, based upon this growth. We're going to restation two of our maneuver enhancement brigades that before, we were looking at other places. And now based upon the new footprint change we have, we'll put one at Fort Richardson and one at Fort Drum, New York.
Those two stationings will be dependent upon our National Environmental Policy Act studies that we've got ongoing.
And as the secretary talked about, we're going to activate and retain two heavy brigade combat teams in Germany for two years to meet the near-term theater security requirements of the combatant commander. And then in '12 and in '13 we will take those two new heavy brigade combat teams, and we will flow them back into the continental United States. In FY '12, one of those heavy brigades will go to Fort Bliss, Texas, and then in FY '13 the last of the heavy brigades there in Europe will come back and go to White Sands Missile Range.
And so that kind of lays out exactly where we're putting everything. What I thought I'd do is show you on this next slide it's not just about brigade combat teams; it's about the entire Army modular force on the active.
And as we looked at the training in particular, we wanted to make sure that where we had maneuver brigades, we had the right balance of the modular force to keep our combined arms training intact. So if you take a look at a place like Fort Hood, Texas, they have our largest brigade, which is the 3rd Armored Cav Regiment, four of the maneuver brigades of the 1st Cav Division. But we also, so that we could train this total team, we've got 11 other combat service support brigades, from engineers to artillery to combat aviation.
Very similar at Fort Bragg, the same thing, as well as up here at Fort Lewis. Those are our three posts that have three-star corps headquarters.
And so this is the laydown that we have in FY '13 when we get done maneuvering the Army, building the Army, while simultaneously continuing to conduct the global war on terrorism.
And before I take your questions, I thought I would just lay out for you what I mean by the size of this thing.
(To staff.) If you'd give me the next slide.
This is Fort Bliss, Texas, in '07. And as you saw in the previous slide, we're going to have six maneuver brigades at Fort Bliss, Texas, where we had no maneuver brigades before. And this is a picture of the temporary brigade combat team that we had to build with temporary billet space as we built the 4th Brigade of the 1st Cav Division, as part of the Army growth, that's just now coming back from Iraq.
This will be their new brigade complex team.
Go ahead, next slide. And you can see where we are now. This is a current picture. And this is a modular brigade footprint. We'll build 20 of these brigade complexes throughout the United States. They will all be the same barracks, the same company battalion and brigade headquarters as well as the motor pools.
Next slide. And then you can see the size of it. I will tell you, I've been down there looking at it, and I wish I was going to be a captain again. Because two of our young officers and the leaders -- these are the barracks for this one battalion. Then they can walk straight over. Here's the company operations facilities, where they have their equipment stored, where their leaders will be, where they can have their formations. And then right behind that is their tactical equipment motor pool, and then right behind that is their deployment storage area for all their equipment, all self-contained. And then you have the other brigades and here's your brigade and battalion headquarters, all as one complex with a dining facility and everything else. That is the type of footprint that we're putting out and putting down as part of this large military construction that we're doing.
Next slide. This is just another picture of it. We're building six of these at Fort Bliss, Texas, putting about $3.2 billion into Fort Bliss. Next slide.
Then, it's not just brigade complexes. It's also headquarters. This is the new headquarters of the 101st airborne division. And you can also see -- this is some of the residential community initiative housing areas. That's in the old Lee Fort housing area. This is all brand new housing for our families, and think some of you have been out and seeing that.
Next slide. This is the type of housing that's going up now at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. This is another one of those brigade complexes I showed you, as well as a community center. And so we're truly building communities at these post camps and stations where we're putting our soldiers and our families.
Next slide. This is Fort Stewart, Georgia. This is the new barracks complex and company and brigade complex area, fitness center and a new chapel that's going up.
Next slide. And here's Fort Hood, Texas. This is a new barracks area, one of the new motor pools. And then I mentioned the training. We're also -- you'll see when you take a look at our military construction projects, with the increase of about 100,000 soldiers are going to be residing in the continental United States, the 65k growth plus what's coming back from Europe and Korea -- we're investing heavily in our training ranges and updating them to the new types of formations, the new types of modernized equipment, modernized weapons and digital battle command control systems.
So this is a holistic change and improvement across the entire army footprint. And I like to tell people this is not just a win-win. This is a win-win-win. It's a win for our soldiers and their families, it's a win for our army and it's certainly a win for our nation. We're getting bigger, but more importantly, we're getting better as an army. We're growing from 33 brigades to 48-brigade combat teams in the active force. This will start taking the pressure off the operational tempo of our force, provide us more dwell time.
And as I said before, it gives us better quality of life for this all- volunteer force that has defended us so well here for six years in combat. And then at the end of FY '11, as we get this -- all the military construction and the growth of the Army, we think we'll start getting the Army back into balance, as our chief of staff has said, and we think it will take about that long.
With that, I'll go ahead and take your questions. Yes, sir?
Q General, the decision to grow the Army was made after the BRAC plan was finalized. I'm wondering, how did you reconcile the need for this growth with some of the BRAC decisions?
GEN.CODY: Well, as I said, in the initial BRAC analysis that we started back in 2003 and '04 as we marched towards the BRAC, one of the guiding principles that we had was, again, to look at growth potential, and as we stationed for BRAC with an Army modular force that was changing from a Cold War Army to an Army of the 21st century, we took that into account as we did that.
And I think as you know, with BRAC it wasn't just the operational forces that were affected. We're moving our Air Defense School from Fort Bliss, Texas, up to Fort Sill to be a Fire Center of Excellence, we're moving the Armor School out of Fort Knox, Kentucky, down to Fort Benning to be a Maneuver Center of Excellence, and we're moving the Transportation School and the Ordnance School to Fort Lee, Virginia, to be the Combat Service Support Center of Excellence.
And so our decisions in BRAC set us up for either growing the Army larger at a future date, which ended up happening with the 65K growth, and when we did the 65K growth stationing, we used the same look. And so in my mind, we'll be passing on to the next administration and the next leadership of the Army in 2011-2012 -- if they make a decision that they want to grow the Army more, we have accounted for that. In other words, we struck a balance across all the posts, camps and stations, not to saturate them but to get the right balance. So if we have to grow again, we have the capacity to do so.
Yes, ma'am?
Q What is the cost of 74,000 additional soldiers? And is that in the Army's base budget for next year or is it through supplemental budgets?
GEN. CODY: I will give -- part of the growth for the active force this year is in supplemental, and I think 7,500 -- I can't remember -- is in the base budget for '08. And then in '09, a large portion of the growth will be in the base budget. And then by FY '10, the entire growth will be covered in the base budget for the active force. I can't remember where it is in the RC MILPAY accounts, but we're moving off of supplemental for the growth and putting it into the base budget.
Q And what is the cost?
GEN. CODY: I don't have those figures, but I can get them for you.
Yes, sir?
Q General, the -- I think you said 4,100 new family housing units. Do you know how many of those will be owned and operated by private contractors?
GEN. CODY: Great question. I separated those out because they are being funded under the Army Family Housing Program, so they will be owned by the military and then could be set up later to be transitioned if we -- depending upon how it goes with the existing posts, camps and stations, they could be assumed by a residential community initiative.
Yes, ma'am?
Q General, can you talk about the decision to keep two of the brigades in Germany? I know that we've spoken to some EUCOM commanders about it, but specifically, what does that decision do in terms of freeing up funds for building housing for the remaining brigades that you're stationing now? And how much (off mike) are going to -- (inaudible) -- bring those two brigades -- (off mike)?
GEN. CODY: That's a great question. I think many of you know that the combatant commander has asked for a retention of forces. And the decision was made by the president and by OSD and supported by the Army to do that we would activate two new heavy brigade combat teams, bring back the 1st Infantry Division brigades and headquarters, the 1st Armored Division brigades and headquarters in accordance with the BRAC law, and then activate two for a near-term security posture that the EUCOM commander asked for.
And so that does a couple things. One is, it allows us to -- this is very, very complex, as you can imagine. It allows us to not put turmoil on three-year overseas assignments in Germany, so that we can use the normal flow of our permanent change of stations from Germany back to the States, and those who are on orders to go to Germany over there to keep those two brigades fully combat ready. The equipment will stay there. And then in 2012, as I said, we'll bring one of them back, and by that time we will have those brigade complexes that I just showed you built at Fort Bliss, as well as the housing, as well as the medical facilities, the child development care centers and all that.
And then in 2013, we'll bring the last of that newly activated brigade back to White Sands Missile Range, where we'll have the infrastructure ready for it.
So it's both a timing issue, but more importantly, it was a near- term theater security issue that we're able to do it because the original BRAC plan, as you know, was on a 482,000k active force, and now we're taking a 65k army and so that gives us some flexibility to do this without putting undue PCS moves on our soldiers and their families and gives us time to build the construction the way we need it.
Q General, if I could follow up on the White Sands, can you explain the rationale behind moving forces to that facility?
GEN. CODY: Sure.
Q And I don't know, is it a military -- is it an Army post already, or -- pardon my ignorance -- (laughs) -- or is it -- how do you --
GEN. CODY: I'm sorry.
Q How are you going to work that, basically?
GEN. CODY: Okay. White Sands Missile Range is one of our major testing ranges. It also has millions of acres of maneuver area. It is very -- it almost joins the Dona Ana and the McGregor ranges of Fort Bliss, Texas. When you take a look and drive from Fort Bliss, Texas cantonement area through the ranges up to White Sands Missile Range, those two maneuver areas comprise almost 35 percent of the maneuver land that the United States Army owns. And when you look at the type of weapon systems we have today, the modernization that we're building with the future combat system down at Fort Bliss and you take a look at things like UAVs and all that, it's not just the maneuver areas, it's also the joint airspace. And so we took that all into account. Again, going back to -- we wanted to position the force so that we could train it as a combined arms team, full-spectrum, the way we would deploy it. And that's where we made the decision to put it at White Sands.
Q Back to Germany for a moment. Those two heavy brigades to be activated and retained in Schweinfurt and Baumholder, is that correct -- where the two brigades are now that are coming back? And haven't those areas been -- like, no improvements have been made since the decision was made to bring them back, where will they be located?
GEN. CODY: The EUCOM commander and the 7th Army commander, now that they know that -- and after FY '11, they're going to have two heavy brigade combat teams. They have come back and said, we would like to, when you -- when we activate these, we would like to start moving and get the footprint right in Germany and put into the better facilities.
And so that plan will be coming forward.
But there will be a relocation of a brigade combat team in Germany, based upon the retention for theater security cooperation.
Q So they will be in the spaces that the two -- the 1st ID and the 1st ID Brigade are in now?
SEC. GEREN: Dick?
GEN. CODY: I think they will be in there. They'll occupy some of those spaces. There may be some relocation -- and as that plan comes in, there may be some local relocation, but we don't have that plan. That wasn't considered as part of this.
SEC. GEREN: Yeah.
GEN. CODY: But there may be some --
MG FORMICA. He's going to have to adjust his footprint because he has so many thousand coming out. And so -- and as you know, some units are coming out, some are staying. And so he'll want to reconsolidate based upon the type -- the quality of life that he would have at his concerns.
Yes?
Q Sir, a couple of equipment questions. Broadly, what types of equipment will see the largest plus-ups in purchases between '09 and '013 that you don't already have adequate stacks in your inventory? I'm talking new equipment -- radios, ammo, tanks. And I had a follow-up.
GEN. CODY: Okay. I wasn't prepared to talk about equipment, but I'll just talk in gross strategic numbers.
Q Plus-up --
GEN. CODY: Well, the -- we do have shortages, as you know, in the light tactical vehicles, the medium tactical vehicles and the heavy tactical vehicles. In our procurement accounts and strategy for this year and in the POM builds out to a 48-brigade combat team, plus the 227 combat service support brigades formations we have in a 547,000 end-strength active force and in the force that we have in the National Guard and Reserves. And so we still have shortages as you start building those new formations of those three types of tactical vehicles.
On tanks and Bradleys, we're modernizing them, as you know. So we don't have a shortage of tanks and Bradleys, we're now bringing them up to two types: the AIM tank and the SEP tank, and the ODSE Bradley and the SEP Bradley. And those are -- when we reset them, we upgrade them.
Radios -- we've got into our budgets enough money to continue to buy out for this growth.
When this growth was approved, it was fully funded in terms of military, mil con, as well as equipment. But we had shortages before that in the 482 Army that we're starting to buy back.
Q And the MRAPs question. To what extent might the number -- your requirements stay at 10,000, given that you're growing the Army by 74,000? Has the Army pretty much come to the conclusion there's no need to drop down to that -- below 10,000, no matter what happens in Iraq, because you're growing by 74,000.
GEN. CODY: The growth of the Army -- in our modified tables of equipment, which you're very familiar with, we have no MRAPs in those. MRAP is a theater-specific operational needs statement. And we're buying MRAPs based upon what the theater has asked for. They've put in their initial request, as you know, for a one-to-one replacement for the up- armored humvee. They have since come back, now that they have MRAPs, and said we are re-looking our number.
We're re-looking it two ways: one is, is it really a one-for-one for up-armored humvees, and based upon what the future footprint in Iraq will be.
We're having the same analysis going on right now for Afghanistan, and we just -- the secretary and I just had a briefing yesterday. And we will come to the number before February, before the next LRIP decision.
Q Well, just one follow-up. Geoff Morrell, the Pentagon spokesman, implied that he did not see an overall reduction in the number of MRAPs. What's the current Army thinking --
GEN. CODY: The current Army thinking is, one, we'll -- you've got a production line that goes like this --
Q Oh --
GEN. CODY: -- and we're going to continue to take maximum production off the line every month to meet theaters' needs.
As the forces come down, where that intersects, as well as the assessment and analysis that's ongoing now in terms of how many they need for patrolling, how many they need for convoy security and stuff like that, we'll arrive at a number, but we don't need to arrive at it until February or March anyways, because of the production numbers.
Q Thank you.
GEN. CODY: Yes, ma'am?
Q Could you please explain, in very simple terms, if I am a soldier or a family member in one of these two brigades in Germany, how does today's decision affect us?
GEN. CODY: Okay. If you're there now, you'll probably rotate out from the continental United States on time. We're not going to change our rotation of our forces to and from Germany until FY '12. In FY '12 we'll start bringing back the families and the soldiers and the equipment that are associated with that first brigade coming back. And in FY '13 we'll do the same.
And again, the way we're orchestrating this is to reduce any turbulence on the families and the soldiers until we have to bring that flag and that equipment and that formation back.
Q Is it wrong to perceive this as being a re-flagging of those units --
GEN. CODY: It will be an activation and a re-flagging. That's correct.
Q Okay.
GEN. CODY: We're activating it, and we'll work with the Center on Military History and with 7th Army as to what we'll call those two new heavy brigades. But they will be modular brigades. They will look just like all the heavy modular brigades. But they probably won't have a division patch. They won't be a 1st Brigade or something. It'll probably be a separate brigade, just like the 173rd.
Yes, ma'am?
Q Do you have any sense for the dwell time and the 12-month tours and the way it might be possible to go back to 12-month tours?
GEN. CODY: The chief of staff and the Joint Chiefs are working that, and it would be -- we're not ready to make any announcements on that.
The chief and I and the secretary have all said that we know 15 months is too long. We know that we need to get back to 12 months as fast as we can. That is a function of the conditions on the ground and the -- a function of when the demand for brigade combat teams come down, as well as how fast we're growing our Army, because part of the dwell and 15-month BOG had to do with the fact that we had a requirement worldwide for 23 brigades, Afghanistan and Iraq, with only 38 brigade combat teams.
And so we had to do that.
Yes? Do I have any questions on grow the Army?
Q Can I just follow up on that one really quickly? Secretary Gates did say that he thought that the 12 months would not be possible until late next year at the earliest. Would you agree with that?
GEN. CODY: I would agree with that. I mean, again, it really depends on what comes back when Admiral Fallon and General Petraeus come back and give their report. We're looking at this every day. Part of our strategy, of course, is to grow brigades as fast as we can.
Part of our strategy is to make sure that we have the right plans in place, so we can react to whatever the demands are of the theater, either higher or lower.
Okay, well thank you all. (Inaudible.)
Q (Off mike) -- in Germany, doesn't that bring the total number to 60 brigade combat teams?
GEN. CODY: No, it does not.
Q No.
GEN. CODY: It's very complex, and we can brief you on it, but you have to see the entire build of the Army, from 33 brigades to 42, and then from 42 to 48. But we've accounted for it. It ends up being 48.
(Cross talk.)
Q Secretary Gates has made it clear in several speeches that the Army appears to have been under-resourced over the last decade. In the '09-'13 plan, do you see a substantial either shift of resources to the Army, or any top line increases that back up his speeches?
GEN. CODY: We've seen a top line increase in '09 and out through the '13 budget -- I don't have the numbers in front of me -- as well as to buy back some of the strategic readiness. Because we ended the war, as you know, some $56 billion short equipment. And so we've been buying that back with supplementals, a combination of supplementals and an increase of our procurement accounts in our base budgets.
We can get you those figures. But yes, we are seeing an increase, so that we can buy the equipment we need to get ourselves in balance with our brigade combat teams by FY '11. And then it's going to take us out to probably FY '15 for the rest of the Army footprint, in terms of equipment.
And that's all I have today.
Q Thank you.
GEN. CODY: All right.
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