HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE - Continuing to collect World Class Science

DAILY REPORT # 4149

PERIOD COVERED: UT July 5, 2006 (DOY 186)

OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED

ACS/HRC 10738

Earth Flats

Sky flats will be obtained by observing the bright Earth with the HRC
and WFC. These observations will be used to verify the accuracy of the
flats currently in the pipeline and to monitor any changes. Weekly
coronagraphic monitoring is required to assess the changing position of
the spots.

ACS/HRC 10752

Cycle 14 Focus Monitor

The focus of HST is measured primarily with ACS/HRC over full CVZ orbits
to obtain accurate mean focus values via a well sampled breathing curve.
Coma and astigmatism are also determined from the same data in order to
further understand orbital effects on image quality and optical
alignments. To monitor the stability of ACS to WFPC2 relative focii,
we've carried over from previous focus monitor programs parallel
observations taken with the two cameras at suitable orientations of
previously observed targets, and interspersed them with the HRC CVZ
visits.

ACS/HRC 9746

Binary systems in the Kuiper Belt

The properties of the orbits of Kuiper belt object {KBO} satellites hold
keys to fundamental insight into masses and densities of KBOs, the
interaction history of the early solar system, the internal structure of
distant ice-rock bodies, and even the genesis of the Pluto- Charon
binary. Within the past 18 months, 9 KBO satellite systems have been
discovered, allowing for the first time the possibility of
characterizing a sample of KBO satellite orbital properties. We propose
HRC observations to determine satellite orbits in the 6 best cases. We
have carefully devised a strategy for each of these 6 systems to make
maximum use of ground-based observations, previous HST observations, and
the smallest possible number of new HST observations. Our proposed
observations will efficiently provide highly reliable orbital solutions
which are critical to achieving the scientific promise available from
the study of these systems. Our strategy relies heavily on extensive
Monte Carlo simulations to define optimal times of observing such that
each new point obtained gives maximum leverage for refining the orbital
solution. We find that with this strategy we can provide mass solutions
for all 6 systems to an accuracy of better than 10% using only 25 new
HST observations. This highly efficient program provides extreme
scientific output with optimal use of scarce resources.

ACS/WFC 10496

Decelerating and Dustfree: Efficient Dark Energy Studies with Supernovae
and Clusters

We propose a novel HST approach to obtain a dramatically more useful
"dust free" Type Ia supernovae {SNe Ia} dataset than available with the
previous GOODS searches. Moreover, this approach provides a strikingly
more efficient search-and-follow-up that is primarily pre-scheduled. The
resulting dark energy measurements do not share the major systematic
uncertainty at these redshifts, that of the extinction correction with a
prior. By targeting massive galaxy clusters at z > 1 we obtain a
five-times higher efficiency in detection of Type Ia supernovae in
ellipticals, providing a well-understood host galaxy environment. These
same deep cluster images then also yield fundamental calibrations
required for future weak lensing and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements of
dark energy, as well as an entire program of cluster studies. The data
will make possible a factor of two improvement on supernova constraints
on dark energy time variation, and much larger improvement in systematic
uncertainty. They will provide both a cluster dataset and a SN Ia
dataset that will be a longstanding scientific resource.

ACS/WFC 10592

An ACS Survey of a Complete Sample of Luminous Infrared Galaxies in the
Local Universe

At luminosities above 10^11.4 L_sun, the space density of far-infrared
selected galaxies exceeds that of optically selected galaxies. These
`luminous infrared galaxies' {LIRGs} are primarily interacting or
merging disk galaxies undergoing enhanced star formation and Active
Galactic Nuclei {AGN} activity, possibly triggered as the objects
transform into massive S0 and elliptical merger remnants. We propose
ACS/WFC imaging of a complete sample of 88 L_IR > 10^11.4 L_sun luminous
infrared galaxies in the IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Sample {RBGS: i.e.,
60 micron flux density > 5.24 Jy}. This sample is ideal not only in its
completeness and sample size, but also in the proximity and brightness
of the galaxies. The superb sensitivity, resolution, and field of view
of ACS/WFC on HST enables a unique opportunity to study the detailed
structure of galaxies that sample all stages of the merger process.
Imaging will be done with the F439W and F814W filters {B and I-band} to
examine as a function of both luminosity and merger state {i} the
evidence at optical wavelengths of star formation and AGN activity and
the manner in which instabilities {bars and bridges} in the galaxies may
funnel material to these active regions, {ii} the relationship between
star formation and AGN activity, and {iii} the structural properties
{AGN, bulge, and disk components} and fundamental parameters {effective
radius and surface brightness} of LIRGs and their similarity with
putative evolutionary byproducts {elliptical, S0 and classical AGN host
galaxies}. This HST survey will also bridge the wavelength gap between a
Spitzer imaging survey {covering seven bands in the 3.6-160 micron
range} and a GALEX UV imaging survey of these galaxies, but will resolve
complexes of star clusters and multiple nuclei at resolutions well
beyond the capabilities of either Spitzer or GALEX. The combined
datasets will result in the most comprehensive multiwavelength study of
interacting and merging galaxies to date.

ACS/WFC 10630

The Fine Structure of Elliptical Galaxies in Voids

Elliptical galaxies constitute a remarkably homogeneous class of objects
with a tight color- magnitude relation and a well-defined Fundamental
Plane. In spite of their bland and symmetrical morphology, they are
characterized by a wealth of structural features {such as nuclear disks,
dust lanes, shells, blue cores, etc.} which contain important clues to
their formation history. Little is known about how and if these
sub-structures vary as a function of environment; in fact, due to the
morphology density relation, our knowledge of ellipticals is strongly
biased towards overdense regions such as clusters. But what of the fine
structure of ellipticals in voids? According to theoretical predictions,
void galaxies should have different merger histories than those in
clusters, which may imply that their fine structure also differs. We
address these issues using the exquisite angular resolution of HST/ACS
to resolve sub-structures in the most accurately classified sample, to
date, of truly isolated ellipticals, identified using the 2dFGRS.

ACS/WFC/HRC 11005

Funcional test - MEB2 switch

This is a functional test to be executed after the switch to MEB2.

NIC1 10879

A search for planetary-mass companions to the nearest L dwarfs -
completing the survey

We propose to extend the most sensitive survey yet undertaken for very
low-mass companions to ultracool dwarfs. We will use NICMOS to complete
imaging of an all-sky sample of 87 L dwarfs in 80 systems within 20
parsecs of the Sun. The combination of infrared imaging and proximity
allows us to search for companions with mass ratios q>0.25 at
separations exceeding ~3 AU, while probing companions with q>0.5 at ~1.5
AU separation. This resolution is crucial, since no ultracool binaries
are known in the field with separations exceeding 15 AU. Fifty L dwarfs
from the 20-parsec sample have high- resolution imaging, primarily
through our Cycle 13 HST proposal which identified six new binaries,
including an L/T system. Here, we propose to target the remaining 30
dwarfs

NIC1/NIC2/NIC3 8794

NICMOS Post-SAA calibration - CR Persistence Part 5

A new procedure proposed to alleviate the CR-persistence problem of
NICMOS. Dark frames will be obtained immediately upon exiting the SAA
contour 23, and every time a NICMOS exposure is scheduled within 50
minutes of coming out of the SAA. The darks will be obtained in parallel
in all three NICMOS Cameras. The POST-SAA darks will be non- standard
reference files available to users with a USEAFTER date/time mark. The
keyword 'USEAFTER=date/time' will also be added to the header of each
POST-SAA DARK frame. The keyword must be populated with the time, in
addition to the date, because HST crosses the SAA ~8 times per day so
each POST-SAA DARK will need to have the appropriate time specified, for
users to identify the ones they need. Both the raw and processed images
will be archived as POST-SAA DARKSs. Generally we expect that all NICMOS
science/calibration observations started within 50 minutes of leaving an
SAA will need such maps to remove the CR persistence from the science
images. Each observation will need its own CRMAP, as different SAA
passages leave different imprints on the NICMOS detectors.

NIC3/ACS/WFC 10504

Characterizing the Sources Responsible for Cosmic Reionization

Our group has demonstrated the role that massive clusters, acting as
powerful cosmic lenses, can play in constraining the abundance and
properties of low-luminosity star- forming sources beyond z~6; such
sources are thought to be responsible for ending cosmic reionization.
The large magnification possible in the critical regions of well-
constrained clusters brings sources into view that lie at or beyond the
limits of conventional exposures such as the UDF, as well as those in
imaging surveys being undertaken with IRAC onboard Spitzer. We have
shown that the combination of HST and Spitzer is particularly effective
in delivering the physical properties of these distant sources,
constraining their mass, age and past star formation history.
Indirectly, we therefore gain a valuable glimpse to yet earlier epochs.
Recognizing the result {and limitations} of the UDF exposure, we propose
a systematic search through 6 lensing clusters with ACS and NICMOS for
further z~6-7 sources in conjunction with existing deep IRAC data. Our
survey will mitigate cosmic variance and extend the search both to lower
luminosities and, by virtue of the NICMOS/IRAC combination, to higher
redshift. The goal is to count and characterize representative sources
at z~6-10 and to delineate the redshift range of activity for the
planning of future observations.

FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY:

Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports
of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.)

HSTARS:

10341 - GSacq(2,1,2) results in fine lock backup @ 186/1404z
         GSacq(2,1,2) scheduled at 186/14:01:29 resulted in fine lock backup
        (2,0,2). The GSacq resulted in fine lock backup at 14:04:36 due to stop
        flag QF1STOPF on FGS 1. Possible observations affected: WFPC 19-22.

10342 - GSacq(2,1,1) failed due to search radius limit exceeded @ 186/1713z
        During LOS GSacq(2,1,1) failed due to search radius limit exceeded. At
        AOS (17:19:45) flags were set indicating the GSacq failed due to search
        radius limit exceeded on FGS 2. OBAD2 showed errors of V1=-5.85,
        V2=-8.44, V3=-2.80, RSS=10.65. The Map at 17:20:24 showed erros of
        V1=1.60, V2=4.29, V3=-2.79, RSS=5.36. Possible obs affected: ACS 89-93.

10343 - GSAcq (2,1,1) failed due to search radius limit exceeded @ 187/0737z
        GSAcq (2,1,1) scheduled at 187/08:05:06 failed during LOS due to search
        raduis limit exceeded of FGS 1. Performed 486 ESB dump that showed one
        ESB message a05 (FGS Coarse Track failed - Search Radius Limit exceeded
        )and 2 ESB message 1805 (FHST moving target detected) were received
        during LOS. OBAD 1: V1 -606.16, V2 1595.22, V3 -394.30, RSS
        1751.47 OBAD 2: V1 -4.90, V2 -3.92, V3 -5.78, RSS 8.53 OBAD MAP: V1
        -2.55, V2 12.74, V3 -6.28, RSS 14.43 Possible observations affected:
        ACS 150-154. GSAcq Scheduled time should read 187/07:37:10 - 07:44:38

COMPLETED OPS REQUEST: (None)

COMPLETED OPS NOTES: (None)

                         SCHEDULED   SUCCESSFUL   FAILURE TIMES
FGS GSacq                     8           6                    186/1713z (HSTAR 10342)
                                                                      &187/0737z (HSTAR 10343)
FGS REacq                     5           5              
OBAD with Maneuver      26          26      

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: (None)

-Lynn

Lynn F. Bassford
CHAMP HST Missions Operations Manager
Lockheed Martin Technical Operations
GSFC PH#: 301-286-2876

"The Hubble Space Telescope is the Babe Ruth of astronomical observatories, the Muhammad Ali of cosmic photography "            - Robert Roy Britt, space.com 7-14-4
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