Notice: For the foreseeable future, the daily reports may contain

apparent discrepancies between some proposal descriptions and the listed

instrument usage. This is due to the conversion of previously approved

ACS WFC or HRC observations into WFPC2, or NICMOS observations

subsequent to the loss of ACS CCD science capability is late January.

 

 

 

HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE - Continuing to collect World Class Science

 

DAILY REPORT      # 4310

 

PERIOD COVERED: UT March 01, 2007 (DOY 060)

 

OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED

 

ACS/SBC 10862

 

Comprehensive Auroral Imaging of Jupiter and Saturn during the

International Heliophysical Year

 

A comprehensive set of observations of the auroral emissions from

Jupiter and Saturn is proposed for the International Heliophysical Year

in 2007, a unique period of especially concentrated measurements of

space physics phenomena throughout the solar system. We propose to

determine the physical relationship of the various auroral processes at

Jupiter and Saturn with conditions in the solar wind at each planet.

This can be accomplished with campaigns of observations, with a sampling

interval not to exceed one day, covering at least one solar rotation.

The solar wind plasma density approaching Jupiter will be measured by

the New Horizons spacecraft, and a separate campaign near opposition in

May 2007 will determine the effect of large-scale variations in the

interplanetary magnetic field {IMF} on the Jovian aurora by

extrapolation from near-Earth solar wind measurements. A similar Saturn

campaign near opposition in Jan. 2007 will combine extrapolated solar

wind data with measurements from a wide range of locations within the

Saturn magnetosphere by Cassini. In the course of making these

observations, it will be possible to fully map the auroral footprints of

Io and the other satellites to determine both the local magnetic field

geometry and the controlling factors in the electromagnetic interaction

of each satellite with the corotating magnetic field and plasma density.

Also in the course of making these observations, the auroral emission

properties will be compared with the properties of the near-IR

ionospheric emissions {from ground-based observations} and non thermal

radio emissions, from ground-based observations for Jupiter?s decametric

radiation and Cassini plasma wave measurements of the Saturn Kilometric

Radiation {SKR}.

 

ACS/SBC 11050

 

ACS UV contamination monitor

 

The observations consist of imaging and spectroscopy with SBC of

the cluster NGC 6681 in order to monitor the temporal evolution of the

UV sensitivity of the SBC.

 

ACS/SBC 11056

 

Improved Sensitivity SBC Prisms

 

The flux calibration of the SBC {PR110L and PR130L} will be improved by

observing for each prism white dwarf standards {WD1657+343 and LTT9491}.

The blue standard star WD1657+343 has previously been observed with

ACS/SBC and will serve as a reference point to track time dependent

variations. LTT9491 is much redder and thus will be used to investigate

the sensitivity curve of ?red? targets to check for a potential red leak

of the SBC. Additionally, LTT9491 shows various strong absorption lines

which can be used to confirm the wavelength calibration of the PR110L

and PR130L prisms. The standard stars are observed at a variety of

pointings across the SBC detector in order to map spatial variations.

LTT9491 will also be observed with ACS/HRC PR200L to obtain an improved

flux calibration from about 1800 A to 4000 A.

 

FGS 10931

 

Dynamical Masses and Radii of Four White Dwarf Stars

 

We will use FGS1R in its high angular resolution observing mode (TRANS)

to

 

resolve the white dwarf binary systems. Each exposure will be comprised

of

 

about 20 scans. The interferograms derived from each scan will be cross-

 

correlated and co-added to yield a high SNR. To further surpress the

noise

 

(these targets are near the FGS's faint limiting magnitude), the

co-added

 

inteferograms will be carefully smoothed by being represented as a

piece-wise We will use FGS1R in its high angular resolution observing

mode (TRANS) to resolve the white dwarf binary systems. Each exposure

will be comprised of about 20 scans. The interferograms derived from

each scan will be cross-correlated and co-added to yield a high SNR. To

further surpress the noise(these targets are near the FGS's faint

limiting magnitude), the co-added inteferograms will be carefully

smoothed by being represented as a piece-wise smooth segmanted

polynomial. These observations will yield the separation and position

angle of the binary components, as well as the brightness of each. In

addition, the binary and field stars simultaneously in the FGS FOV will

be observed in POS mode to accurately determine the relative positions

of the stars. This will facilitate the construction of an inertial

reference frame for the binary, thereby allowing the relative orbit that

will be ultimately determined from the TRANS data to be converted into a

physical orbit. This will allow us to determine the relative mass of

each white dwarf in the binarty system. In addition, the POS mode data

will give the proper motion and parallax of the binary, which will allow

us to compute the mass and radius of each white dwarf.

 

NIC1/NIC2/NIC3 8794

 

NICMOS Post-SAA calibration - CR Persistence Part 5

 

A new procedure proposed to alleviate the CR-persistence problem of

NICMOS. Dark frames will be obtained immediately upon exiting the SAA

contour 23, and every time a NICMOS exposure is scheduled within 50

minutes of coming out of the SAA. The darks will be obtained in parallel

in all three NICMOS Cameras. The POST-SAA darks will be non- standard

reference files available to users with a USEAFTER date/time mark. The

keyword 'USEAFTER=date/time' will also be added to the header of each

POST-SAA DARK frame. The keyword must be populated with the time, in

addition to the date, because HST crosses the SAA ~8 times per day so

each POST-SAA DARK will need to have the appropriate time specified, for

users to identify the ones they need. Both the raw and processed images

will be archived as POST-SAA DARKSs. Generally we expect that all NICMOS

science/calibration observations started within 50 minutes of leaving an

SAA will need such maps to remove the CR persistence from the science

images. Each observation will need its own CRMAP, as different SAA

passages leave different imprints on the NICMOS detectors.

 

NIC2 10802

 

SHOES-Supernovae, HO, for the Equation of State of Dark energy

 

The present uncertainty in the value of the Hubble constant {resulting

in an uncertainty in Omega_M} and the paucity of Type Ia supernovae at

redshifts exceeding 1 are now the leading obstacles to determining the

nature of dark energy. We propose a single, integrated set of

observations for Cycle 15 that will provide a 40% improvement in

constraints on dark energy. This program will observe known Cepheids in

six reliable hosts of Type Ia supernovae with NICMOS, reducing the

uncertainty in H_0 by a factor of two because of the smaller dispersion

along the instability strip, the diminished extinction, and the weaker

metallicity dependence in the infrared. In parallel with ACS, at the

same time the NICMOS observations are underway, we will discover and

follow a sample of Type Ia supernovae at z > 1. Together, these

measurements, along with prior constraints from WMAP, will provide a

great improvement in HST's ability to distinguish between a static,

cosmological constant and dynamical dark energy. The Hubble Space

Telescope is the only instrument in the world that can make these IR

measurements of Cepheids beyond the Local Group, and it is the only

telescope in the world that can be used to find and follow supernovae at

z > 1. Our program exploits both of these unique capabilities of HST to

learn more about one of the greatest mysteries in science.

 

NIC3 10836

 

The Red Sequence at 1.3 < z < 1.4 in Galaxy Clusters

 

We propose to obtain NIC3/F160W imaging of three new IRAC-selected

galaxy clusters at 1.3 < z < 1.5. In combination with deep ACS/F850LP

images being obtained in Cycle 14, the resulting precision photometry in

a rest ~U - R color will allow us to construct color- magnitude diagrams

which can be used to measure the slope and scatter in the red sequence

galaxies, thereby constraining the history of star formation in the

early-type galaxies. The number of morphologically-selected early-type

galaxies more luminous than L* will allow us to test the predictions of

the hierarchical merging scenario for galaxy formation in clusters at

the highest available redshifts in galaxy clusters.

 

WFPC2 10890

 

Morphologies of the Most Extreme High-Redshift Mid-IR-Luminous Galaxies

 

The formative phase of the most massive galaxies may be extremely

luminous, characterized by intense star- and AGN-formation. Till now,

few such galaxies have been unambiguously identified at high redshift,

restricting us to the study of low-redshift ultraluminous infrared

galaxies as possible analogs. We have recently discovered a sample of

objects which may indeed represent this early phase in galaxy formation,

and are undertaking an extensive multiwavelength study of this

population. These objects are bright at mid-IR wavelengths

{F[24um]>0.8mJy}, but deep ground based imaging suggests extremely faint

{and in some cases extended} optical counterparts {R~24-27}. Deep K-band

images show barely resolved galaxies. Mid-infrared spectroscopy with

Spitzer/IRS reveals that they have redshifts z ~ 2-2.5, suggesting

bolometric luminosities ~10^{13-14}Lsun! We propose to obtain deep ACS

F814W and NIC2 F160W images of these sources and their environs in order

to determine kpc-scale morphologies and surface photometry for these

galaxies. The proposed observations will help us determine whether these

extreme objects are merging systems, massive obscured starbursts {with

obscuration on kpc scales!} or very reddened {locally obscured} AGN

hosted by intrinsically low-luminosity galaxies.

 

WFPC2 11029

 

WFPC2 CYCLE 15 Intflat Linearity Check and Filter Rotation Anomaly

Monitor

 

Intflat observations will be taken to provide a linearity check: the

linearity test consists of a series of intflats in F555W, in each gain

and each shutter. A combination of intflats, visflats, and earthflats

will be used to check the repeatability of filter wheel motions.

{Intflat sequences tied to decons, visits 1-18 in prop 10363, have been

moved to the cycle 15 decon proposal xxxx for easier scheduling.} Note:

long-exposure WFPC2 intflats must be scheduled during ACS anneals to

prevent stray light from the WFPC2 lamps from contaminating long ACS

external exposures.

 

WFPC2 11096

 

Hubble Heritage imaging of Jupiter during the New Horizons encounter HST

Proposal 11096

 

WFPC2 images of Jupiter in Feb 2007 in support of New Horizons flyby of

Jupiter. This Hubble Heritage DD program is working in concert with the

existing GO programs by John Clarke {10862} and John Spencer {10871}.

 

FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY:

 

Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports

of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.)

 

HSTARS:

10723 - GSACQ(2,1,2) failed, Search Radius Limit Exceeded on FGS 2

           GSACQ(2,1,2) at 060/11:52:07 failed due to Search Radius Limit Exceeded

           on FGS 2 at 11:57:44. 

 

10724 - GSAcq (2,1,1) results in Fine Lock Back-up (2,0,2)

           At 061/02:29:23 GSAcq (2,1,1) scheduled from 061/02:26:00-02:33:12

           resulted in Fine Lock Back-up (2,0,2) using FGS 2, due to (QF1STOPF)

           stop flag indication on the secondary FGS.

           OBAD #1 RSS: 755.71

           OBAD #2 RSS: 12.44

 

 

COMPLETED OPS REQUEST: (None)

 

COMPLETED OPS NOTES: (None)

 

                       SCHEDULED      SUCCESSFUL   

FGS GSacq               12                   11                                                     

FGS REacq               02                   02              

OBAD with Maneuver 28                   28                                  

 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: (None)