Notice: For the foreseeable future, the daily reports may contain

apparent discrepancies between some proposal descriptions and the listed

instrument usage. This is due to the conversion of previously approved

ACS WFC or HRC observations into WFPC2, or NICMOS observations

subsequent to the loss of ACS CCD science capability in late January.

 

HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE - Continuing to collect World Class Science

 

DAILY REPORT    # 4393

 

PERIOD COVERED: UT June 27, 2007 (DOY 178)

 

OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED

 

WFPC2 10800

 

Kuiper Belt Binaries: Probes of Early Solar System Evolution

 

Binaries in the Kuiper Belt are a scientific windfall: in them we have

relatively fragile test particles which can be used as tracers of the

early dynamical evolution of the outer Solar System. We propose to

continue a Snapshot program using the ACS/HRC that has a demonstrated

discovery potential an order of magnitude higher than the HST

observations that have already discovered the majority of known

transneptunian binaries. With this continuation we seek to reach the

original goals of this project: to accumulate a sufficiently large

sample in each of the distinct populations collected in the Kuiper Belt

to be able to measure, with statistical significance, how the fraction

of binaries varies as a function of their particular dynamical paths

into the Kuiper Belt. Today's Kuiper Belt bears the imprints of the

final stages of giant-planet building and migration; binaries may offer

some of the best preserved evidence of that long-ago era.

 

WFPC2 10877

 

A Snapshot Survey of the Sites of Recent, Nearby Supernovae

 

During the past few years, robotic {or nearly robotic} searches for

supernovae {SNe}, most notably our Lick Observatory Supernova Search

{LOSS}, have found hundreds of SNe, many of them in quite nearby

galaxies {cz < 4000 km/s}. Most of the objects were discovered before

maximum brightness, and have follow-up photometry and spectroscopy; they

include some of the best-studied SNe to date. We propose to conduct a

snapshot imaging survey of the sites of some of these nearby objects, to

obtain late-time photometry that {through the shape of the light and

color curves} will help reveal the origin of their lingering energy. The

images will also provide high-resolution information on the local

environments of SNe that are far superior to what we can procure from

the ground. For example, we will obtain color-color and color-magnitude

diagrams of stars in these SN sites, to determine the SN progenitor

masses and constraints on the reddening. Recovery of the SNe in the new

HST images will also allow us to actually pinpoint their progenitor

stars in cases where pre- explosion images exist in the HST archive.

This proposal is an extension of our successful Cycle 13 snapshot survey

with ACS. It is complementary to our Cycle 15 archival proposal, which

is a continuation of our long-standing program to use existing HST

images to glean information about SN environments.

 

ACS/SBC 10872

 

Lyman Continuum Emission in Galaxies at z=1.2

 

Lyman continuum photons produced in massive starbursts may have played a

dominant role in the reionization of the Universe. Starbursts are

important contributors to the ionizing metagalactic background at lower

redshifts as well. However, their contribution to the background depends

upon the fraction of ionizing radiation that escapes from the intrinsic

opacity of galaxies below the Lyman limit. Current surveys suggest

escape fractions of a few percent, up to 10%, with very few detections

{as opposed to upper limits} having been reported. No detections have

been reported in the epochs between z=0.1 and z=2. We propose to measure

the fraction of escaping Lyman continuum radiation from 15 luminous

z~1.2 galaxies in the GOODS fields. Using the tremendous sensitivity of

the ACS Solar- blind Channel, we will reach AB=30 mag., allowing us to

detect an escape fraction of 1%. We will correlate the amount of

escaping radiation with the photometric and morphological properties of

the galaxies. A non-detection in all sources would imply that QSOs

provide the overwhelming majority of ionizing radiation at z=1.3, and it

would strongly indicate that the properties of galaxies at higher

redshift have to be significantly different for galaxies to dominate

reionization. The deep FUV images will also be useful for extending the

FUV study of other galaxies in the GOODS fields.

 

NIC1/NIC2/NIC3 8794

 

NICMOS Post-SAA calibration - CR Persistence Part 5

 

A new procedure proposed to alleviate the CR-persistence problem of

NICMOS. Dark frames will be obtained immediately upon exiting the SAA

contour 23, and every time a NICMOS exposure is scheduled within 50

minutes of coming out of the SAA. The darks will be obtained in parallel

in all three NICMOS Cameras. The POST-SAA darks will be non- standard

reference files available to users with a USEAFTER date/time mark. The

keyword 'USEAFTER=date/time' will also be added to the header of each

POST-SAA DARK frame. The keyword must be populated with the time, in

addition to the date, because HST crosses the SAA ~8 times per day so

each POST-SAA DARK will need to have the appropriate time specified, for

users to identify the ones they need. Both the raw and processed images

will be archived as POST-SAA DARKSs. Generally we expect that all NICMOS

science/calibration observations started within 50 minutes of leaving an

SAA will need such maps to remove the CR persistence from the science

images. Each observation will need its own CRMAP, as different SAA

passages leave different imprints on the NICMOS detectors.

 

WFPC2 10818

 

Very Young Globular Clusters in M31 ?

 

We propose to use HST's unique high spatial resolution imaging

capabilities to conclusively confirm or refute the presence of alleged

very young globular clusters in M31. Such young globular clusters with

ages < 3 Gyr are not present in our galaxy, and, if real, would lead to

a striking difference in the age distribution of the GCs between M31 and

the Millky Way. If the apparent presence of very young globular clusters

in M31 is confirmed through our proposed ACS imaging {now WFPC2 imaging}

with HST, this would suggest major differences in the history of

assembly of the two galaxies, with probable substantial late accretion

into M31 which did not occur in our own galaxy.

 

WFPC2 11140

 

Can mass-ejections from late He-shell flash stars constrain

convective/reactive flow modeling of stellar interiors?

 

The existence of H-deficient knots around the central stars of the

planetary nebulae Abell 30 and Abell 78 is still unexplained. We

hypothesize that these knots were ejected during a very late

helium-shell flash {= very late thermal pulse, VLTP} suffered by the

precursor white dwarf stars. If this is true, then the characteristics

of these knots {mass, velocity, density, spatial distribution} allow to

draw conclusions on the course of the hydrogen- ingestion flash

detonation that is triggered by the He-shell flash. This provides

important, otherwise inaccessible constraints for the hydrodynamical

modeling of convective/reactive flows in stellar interiors.

Understanding the physics of these flows is not only important for the

understanding of these particular central stars, but also for the

frequent, very similar convective/reactive events that determine the

nucleosynthesis in Pop. III stars. With this proposal we want to proof

or discard the idea that the H-deficient knots are resulting from a

VLTP. If true, then they can be exploited for flash-physics diagnostics.

We propose a simple test. We search for such knots around five

H-deficient central stars {PG1159 stars}. Our models predict, that only

those stars with residual nitrogen in the atmosphere have suffered a

VLTP and, hence, should have expelled knots. We therefore want to take

[O III] images of stars which have photospheric N and those which do

not.

 

FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY:

 

Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports

of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.)

 

HSTARS: (None)

 

COMPLETED OPS REQUEST: (None)

 

                               SCHEDULED      SUCCESSFUL     

FGS GSacq                        7                   7                     

FGS REacq                        5                   5                 

OBAD with Maneuver        26                  26                                         

 

 

COMPLETED OPS NOTES: (None)

 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS:

Intercept SMS SA176R02 was received, reviewed and is authorized. The intercept

time is 179/19:36:26z