HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE - Continuing to collect World Class Science

 

DAILY REPORT       # 4549

 

PERIOD COVERED: UT April 21, 2008 (DOY 112)

 

OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED

 

ACS/SBC 11151

 

Evaluating the Role of Photoevaporation of Protoplanetary Disk Dispersal

 

Emission produced by accretion onto the central star leads to

photoevaporation, which may play a fundamental role in disk dispersal.

Models of disk photoevaporation by the central star are challenged by

two potential problems: the emission produced by accretion will be

substantially weaker for low-mass stars, and photoevaporation must

continue as accretion slows. Existing FUV spectra of CTTSs are biased to

solar-mass stars with high accretion rates, and are therefore

insufficient to address these problems. We propose use HST/ACS SBC

PR130L to obtain FUV spectra of WTTSs and of CTTSs at low masses and

mass accretion rates to provide crucial data to evaluate

photoevaporation models. We will estimate the FUV and EUV luminosities

of low-mass CTTSs with small mass accretion rates, CTTSs with transition

disks and slowed accretion, and of magnetically-active WTTSs.

 

WFPC2 11024

 

WFPC2 CYCLE 15 INTERNAL MONITOR

 

This calibration proposal is the Cycle 15 routine internal monitor for

WFPC2, to be run weekly to monitor the health of the cameras. A variety

of internal exposures are obtained in order to provide a monitor of the

integrity of the CCD camera electronics in both bays {both gain 7 and

gain 15 -- to test stability of gains and bias levels}, a test for

quantum efficiency in the CCDs, and a monitor for possible buildup of

contaminants on the CCD windows. These also provide raw data for

generating annual super-bias reference files for the calibration

pipeline.

 

NIC1/NIC2/NIC3 8795

 

NICMOS Post-SAA calibration - CR Persistence Part 6

 

A new procedure proposed to alleviate the CR-persistence problem of

NICMOS. Dark frames will be obtained immediately upon exiting the SAA

contour 23, and every time a NICMOS exposure is scheduled within 50

minutes of coming out of the SAA. The darks will be obtained in parallel

in all three NICMOS Cameras. The POST-SAA darks will be non-standard

reference files available to users with a USEAFTER date/time mark. The

keyword 'USEAFTER=date/time' will also be added to the header of each

POST-SAA DARK frame. The keyword must be populated with the time, in

addition to the date, because HST crosses the SAA ~8 times per day so

each POST-SAA DARK will need to have the appropriate time specified, for

users to identify the ones they need. Both the raw and processed images

will be archived as POST-SAA DARKSs. Generally we expect that all NICMOS

science/calibration observations started within 50 minutes of leaving an

SAA will need such maps to remove the CR persistence from the science i

mages. Each observation will need its own CRMAP, as different SAA

passages leave different imprints on the NICMOS detectors.

 

NIC2 11148

 

High Contrast Imaging of Dusty White Dwarfs

 

For the past 18 years, only one white dwarf with a circumstellar dust

disk was known to exist. In the last two years, six new disks have been

discovered. Since all material inwards of a few AU should be scoured

clean during post main sequence evolution, the primary explanation is

the presence of a planetary system that is perturbing relic

planetesimals into the tidal disruption radius of the white dwarf. Dusty

disks around white dwarfs should be markers for planets and we propose

to use high contrast imaging to search for faint companions down to 6

M_$J$ that may be feeding the disks. White dwarfs are uniquely suited

for planet searches, where the planet/white dwarf contrast is less than

for main sequence stars.

 

NIC2/WFPC2 11142

 

Revealing the Physical Nature of Infrared Luminous Galaxies at 0.3<z<2.7

Using HST and Spitzer

 

We aim to determine physical properties of IR luminous galaxies at

0.3<z<2.7 by requesting coordinated HST/NIC2 and MIPS 70um observations

of a unique, 24um flux-limited sample with complete Spitzer mid-IR

spectroscopy. The 150 sources investigated in this program have S{24um}

> 0.8mJy and their mid-IR spectra have already provided the majority

targets with spectroscopic redshifts {0.3<z<2.7}. The proposed

150~orbits of NIC2 and 66~hours of MIPS 70um will provide the physical

measurements of the light distribution at the rest-frame ~8000A and

better estimates of the bolometric luminosity. Combining these

parameters together with the rich suite of spectral diagnostics from the

mid-IR spectra, we will {1} measure how common mergers are among LIRGs

and ULIRGs at 0.3<z<2.7, and establish if major mergers are the drivers

of z>1 ULIRGs, as in the local Universe. {2} study the co-evolution of

star formation and blackhole accretion by investigating the relations

between the fraction of starburst/AGN measured from mid-IR spectra vs.

HST morphologies, L{bol} and z. {3} obtain the current best estimates of

the far-IR emission, thus L{bol} for this sample, and establish if the

relative contribution of mid-to-far IR dust emission is correlated with

morphology {resolved vs. unresolved}.

 

WFPC2 11070

 

WFPC2 CYCLE 15 Standard Darks - part II

 

This dark calibration program obtains dark frames every week in order to

provide data for the ongoing calibration of the CCD dark current rate,

and to monitor and characterize the evolution of hot pixels. Over an

extended period these data will also provide a monitor of radiation

damage to the CCDs.

 

WFPC2 11185

 

Search for H-poor/He-rich Inclusions and a Solution to the Abundance,

Temperature Problems

 

Our recent abundance survey of a large sample of Galactic planetary

nebulae (PNe) has led to the discovery of a group of super-metal-rich

nebulae whose spectra are characterized by prominent optical

recombination lines (ORLs) from C, N, O, & Ne ions and a large Balmer

discontinuity jump. The heavy element abundances derived from ORLs for

several PNe are more than an order of magnitude higher than those

derived from the traditional method based on collisionally excited lines

(CELs), while the Balmer jump yields electron temperatures (Te)

significantly lower than values derived from the [O III] 5007/4363 CEL

line ratio. A proposition that aspires to explain both the nebular

abundance and Te problems is one according to which these nebulae

contain (at least) two distinct emission regions - one of "normal" Te (~

10000 K) and chemical composition (~solar) and another of very low Te

that is H- deficient, thus having high helium and metal abundances

relative to hydrogen. The latter component emits strong He and heavy

element ORLs but essentially no CELs. The consistent picture that

emerges from fitting a 2-component photoionization model to the

spectroscopic data is that the H-poor component is in high-density

inclusions, which provide only a minor fraction of the total nebular

mass. We propose to directly detect these inclusions in the planetary

nebula M 1-42 using WFPC2 (PC) to make a high spatial resolution image

in the He I 5876 A ORL and ratio it to Halpha. With NICMOS (NIC1), we

plan to observe the He I 10830 A line, which is substantially

collisionally excited, along with Palpha 18760 A. The ratio image of He

I 10830 to Palpha is expected to be less likely to show the inclusions,

thus serving as an important control to the optical imaging. M 1-42 is

one of the most extreme cases of the abundance and Te problem; it is

reasonably bright and compact. This program has the potential to resolve

a serious challenge to our current understanding of nebular

astrophysics.

 

WFPC2 11222

 

Direct Detection and Mapping of Star Forming Regions in Nearby, Luminous

Quasars

 

We propose to carry out narrow-band emission line imaging observations

of 8 quasars at z=0.05-0.15 with the WFPC2 ramp filters and with the

NICMOS narrow-band filters. We will obtain images in the [O II], [O

III], H-beta, and Pa-alpha emission line bands to carry out a series of

diagnostic tests aimed at detecting and mapping out star-forming regions

in the quasar host galaxies. This direct detection of star-forming

regions will confirm indirect indications for star formation in quasar

host galaxies. It will provide a crucial test for models of quasar and

galaxy evolution, that predict the co-existence of starbursts and

"monsters" and will solve the puzzle of why different indicators of star

formation give contradictory results. A secondary science goal is to

assess suggested correlations between quasar luminosity and the size of

the narrow-line region.

 

WFPC2 11312

 

The Local Cluster Substructure Survey {LoCuSS}: Deep Strong Lensing

Observations with WFPC2

 

LoCuSS is a systematic and detailed investigation of the mass,

substructure, and thermodynamics of 100 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters

at 0.15<z<0.3. The primary goal is to test our recent suggestion that

this population is dominated by dynamically immature disturbed clusters,

and that the observed mass-temperature relation suffers strong

structural segregation. If confirmed, this would represent a paradigm

shift in our observational understanding of clusters, that were hitherto

believed to be dominated by mature, undisturbed systems. We propose to

complete our successful Cycle 15 program {SNAP:10881} which prior to

premature termination had delivered robust weak-lensing detections in 17

clusters, and candidate strongly-lensed arcs in 11 of these 17. These

strong and weak lensing signals will give an accurate measure of the

total mass and structure of the dark matter distribution that we will

subsequently compare with X-ray and Sunyaev Zeldovich Effect

observables. The broader applications of our project include 1} the

calibration of mass-temperature and mass-SZE scaling relations which

will be critical for the calibration of proposed dark energy

experiments, and 2} the low redshift baseline study of the demographics

of massive clusters to aid interpretation of future high redshift {z>1}

cluster samples. To complete the all-important high resolution imaging

component of our survey, we request deep WFPC2 observations of 20

clusters through the F606W filter, for which wide-field weak-lensing

data are already available from our Subaru imaging program. The

combination of deep WFPC2 and Subaru data for these 20 clusters will

enable us to achieve the science program approved by the Cycle 15 TAC.

 

FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY:

 

Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports

of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.)

 

HSTARS:

11262 - GSAcq (1,2,1) failed due to QSTOP flag on FGS 1

           At 112/10:33:46 GSAcq (1,2,1) scheduled from 10:30:47-10:38:10 failed

           due to QF1STOPF and QSTOP Flags on FGS 1. Fine lock was briefly achieved

           but, no s-curves were observed. Pre-acquisition OBADs RSS values were

           3437.94 and 6.55 arc-seconds respectively. Post acquisition OBAD Map RSS

           value was 3.71 arc-seconds.

 

           Additionally, received 4 ACS 779 Status Buffer Messages ("Fold Mechanism

           Move was Blocked") following the failure of the GSacq. This resulted in

           the TDF to be down when the Fold mechanism move was commanded. Flight

           Software Error Count (JERRCNT) incremented to 86. OPS Note 1645-15 was

           executed to change JERRCNT limit to 86.

 

 

11264 - GSAcq (2,1,1) failed due to Scan Step Limit Exceeded on FGS 2

           REacq (2,1,1) failed 3 times

 

           At Acquisition of Signal (112/18:02:23) GSAcq (2,1,1) scheduled from

           16:54:19-17:01:35 had failed due to Scan Step Limit Exceeded on FGS 2.

           Received QSTEPEXC and QSTOP flags on FGS 2. Pre-acquisition OBADs RSS

           Error value was 3828.70 and 12.54 arc-seconds respectively. Post

           acquisition OBAD MAP RSS Error value was 10.15. Awaiting engineering

           data dump to complete further analysis.

 

           REACQ(2,1,1) at 20:04:12 was successful in obtaining fine lock.

 

           REACQ(2,1,1) at 18:28:19 also failed with 486 ESB message "a0c"

           (FGS coarse mode angle check failed).

 

           REACQ(2,1,1) at 21:42:05 failed with 486 ESB message "a0c" (FGS coarse

           mode angle check failed).

 

           REACQ(2,1,1) at 23:28:15 appears to have succeeded, #44 commands did

           update but entire event happened without telemetry

 

           REACQ(2,1,1) at 01:10:00 failed with 486 ESB message "a0c" (FGS coarse

           mode angle check failed).

 

COMPLETED OPS REQUEST: (None)

 

COMPLETED OPS NOTES: (None)

 

                       SCHEDULED      SUCCESSFUL 

FGS GSacq                08                 06         

FGS REacq                06                 03       

OBAD with Maneuver  28                 28             

 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: (None)