HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE - Continuing to collect World Class Science

 

DAILY REPORT      #4794

 

PERIOD COVERED: 5am February 18 - 5am February 19, 2009 (DOY

                           049/1000z-050/1000z)

 

OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED

 

ACS/SBC 11984

 

Observing Saturn's High Latitude Polar Auroras

 

Planetary auroral emissions are critical indicators of how the

magnetospheres of the planets work. Recently, a new component of

Saturn's auroral emissions, i.e. high latitude auroras inside the main

auroral oval, have been observed by the Cassini spacecraft during

otherwise quiet auroral conditions. Such high latitude auroras are of

immense interest since they occur on magnetic flux tubes connected to a

region that is key to the overall dynamics of the system, the

magnetotail, and where if conventional theories regarding Saturn's

magnetosphere are correct there should not be any auroras. These faint

auroral emissions have not been previously observed by the Hubble Space

Telescope (HST). However, the unique oblique viewing geometry afforded

during early 2009 due to Saturn's orbital longitude will result in the

apparent brightening of these polar emissions due to the

limb-brightening effect, with the result that they may be observable by

HST for the first ever time. In addition, at this time the Cassini

spacecraft will be in a high latitude orbit, with a trajectory that will

take it through these magnetic flux tubes, providing essential

simultaneous in situ data. This is the last time Cassini will be in such

an orbit during its mission as currently scheduled and HST is the only

instrument capable of obtaining sustained long-term observations of

Saturn's auroras. These observations will address the following:

 

Does Saturn exhibit high latitude UV auroras observable by HST? Where do

these auroras occur, and at what altitude? How do these auroras behave

over time? How variable are they? Are they periodic? How do they behave

with respect to other auroral components? What processes drive these

auroras?

 

Are these auroras generated by processes internal to the magnetosphere

or are they driven by the solar wind? How do the infrared (IR) auroras

relate to the ultraviolet (UV) auroras?

 

WFPC2 11797

 

Supplemental WFPC2 CYCLE 16 Intflat Linearity Check and Filter Rotation

Anomaly Monitor

 

Supplemental observations to 11029, to cover period from Aug 08 to SM4.

Intflat observations will be taken to provide a linearity check: the

linearity test consists of a series of intflats in F555W, in each gain

and each shutter. A combination of intflats, visflats, and earthflats

will be used to check the repeatability of filter wheel motions.

(Intflat sequences tied to decons, visits 1-18 in prop 10363, have been

moved to the cycle 15 decon proposal 11022 for easier scheduling.)

 

Note: long-exposure WFPC2 intflats must be scheduled during ACS anneals

to prevent stray light from the WFPC2 lamps from contaminating long ACS

external exposures.

 

Note: These are supplemental observations to cover June to SM4 (Oct 8

'08) + 6

 

months.

 

WFPC2 11944

 

Binaries at the Extremes of the H-R Diagram

 

We propose to use HST/Fine Guidance Sensor 1r to survey for binaries

among some of the most massive, least massive, and oldest stars in our

part of the Galaxy. FGS allows us to spatially resolve binary systems

that are too faint to observe using ground-based, speckle or optical

long baseline interferometry, and too close to resolve with AO. We

propose a SNAP-style program of single orbit FGS TRANS mode observations

of very massive stars in the cluster NGC 3603, luminous blue variables,

nearby low mass main sequence stars, cool subdwarf stars, and white

dwarfs. These observations will help us to (1) identify systems suitable

for follow up studies for mass determination, (2) study the role of

binaries in stellar birth and in advanced evolutionary states, (3)

explore the fundamental properties of stars near the main sequence-brown

dwarf boundary, (4) understand the role of binaries for X-ray bright

systems, (5) find binaries among ancient and nearby subdwarf stars, and

(6) help calibrate the white dwarf mass - radius relation.

 

WFPC2 11978

 

Luminous and Dark Matter in Disk Galaxies from Strong Lensing and

Stellar Kinematics

 

The formation of realistic disk galaxies within the LCDM paradigm is

still an unsolved problem. Theory is only now beginning to make

predictions for how dark matter halos respond to galaxy formation and

for the properties of disk galaxies. Measuring the density profiles of

dark matter halos on galaxy scales is therefore a strong test for the

standard paradigm of galaxy formation, offering great potential for

discovery. However, from an observational point of view, the degeneracy

between the stellar and dark matter contributions to galaxy rotation

curves remains a major road block. Strong gravitational lensing, when

coupled to spatially-resolved kinematics and stellar population models,

can solve this long-standing problem. Unfortunately, this joint

methodology could not be exploited so far due to the paucity of known

edge-on spiral lenses. Exploiting the full SDSS-DR7 archive we have

identified a new sample of exactly these systems. We propose multi-color

HST imaging to confirm and measure a sample of twenty spiral lenses,

covering a range of bulge to disk ratios. By combining dynamical lensing

and stellar population information for this unique sample we will

deliver the first statistical constraints on halos and disk properties,

and a new stringent test of disk galaxy formation theories.

 

WFPC2 11989

 

The Integral Sign Galaxy

 

We will observe the unusual warped disk galaxy known as the Integral

Sign Galaxy, UGC 3697, with a small two-position WFPC2 mosaic.

Observations will be obtained in three broad band filters and the

resulting image will be released on the 19th anniversary of the launch

of the Hubble Space Telescope on ~April 24, 2009. Multidrizzled mosaics

will be made available through the archive.

 

FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY:

 

Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports

of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.)

 

HSTARS:

11684 - REAcq (2,1,2) failed to RGA Hold due to (QF2STOPF) stop flag on

           FGS-2 @ 049/1523z

 

           Observations affected: WFPC Proposal ID# 11978 observations 85-88.

 

11685 - REAcq (1,3,3) failed to RGA Hold due to (QF1STOPF) flag on FGS-1 @

           049/1908z

 

           Observations affected: WFPC Proposal ID# 11989, observations 91 & 92.

 

11686 - REAcq (1,3,3) fails to Gyro Control, V1 error was too large to

           correct @ 049/2121z

 

           Observations affected: WFPC Proposal ID# 11989, observations 93 & 94.

 

11687 - REAcq (1,3,3) failed to RGA Hold due to (QF1STOPF) flag on FGS-1 @

           049/2200z

 

           Observations affected: WFPC Proposal ID# 11989, observations 95 & 96.

 

COMPLETED OPS REQUEST: (None)

 

COMPLETED OPS NOTES: (None)

 

                        SCHEDULED      SUCCESSFUL  

FGS GSacq                06                   06                      

FGS REacq                08                   04       

OBAD with Maneuver 28                    28

 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: (None)