HST this week: 070



This week on HST


HST Programs: March 11 - March 17, 2013

Program Number Principal Investigator Program Title
12116 Julianne Dalcanton, University of Washington A Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda and Triangulum Survey - Globular Cluster Sequence Calibrations
12445 Sandra M. Faber, University of California - Santa Cruz Cosmic Assembly Near-IR Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey -- GOODS-North Field, Late Visits of SNe Search
12472 Claus Leitherer, Space Telescope Science Institute CCC - The Cosmic Carbon Conundrum
12473 David Kent Sing, University of Exeter An Optical Transmission Spectral Survey of hot-Jupiter Exoplanetary Atmospheres
12486 David V. Bowen, Princeton University QSO Absorption Line Systems from Dwarf Galaxies
12488 Mattia Negrello, Open University SNAPshot observations of gravitational lens systems discovered via wide-field Herschel imaging
12500 Sugata Kaviraj, University of Hertfordshire High-resolution UV studies of SAURON galaxies with WFC3: constraining recent star formation and its drivers in local early-type galaxies
12568 Matthew A. Malkan, University of California - Los Angeles WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallel Survey WISP: A Survey of Star Formation Across Cosmic Time
12572 Michele Trenti, University of Cambridge The Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies Pure Parallel Survey
12583 Matthew Hayes, Observatoire Midi-Pyrenees Spectro-LARS: ISM Kinematics of the Lyman-alpha Reference Sample
12790 Marc Postman, Space Telescope Science Institute Through a Lens, Darkly - New Constraints on the Fundamental Components of the Cosmos
12861 Xiaohui Fan, University of Arizona Morphologies of the Most UV luminous Lyman Break Galaxies at z~3
12870 Boris T. Gaensicke, The University of Warwick The mass and temperature distribution of accreting white dwarfs
12874 David Floyd, Monash University Quasar accretion disks: is the standard model valid?
12880 Adam Riess, The Johns Hopkins University The Hubble Constant: Completing HST's Legacy with WFC3
12891 Keith S. Noll, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Search For Binaries Among Ultra-Slow Rotating Trojans, Hildas, and Outer Main Belt Asteroids
12902 Matthew A. Malkan, University of California - Los Angeles WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallel Survey WISP: A Survey of Star Formation Across Cosmic Time
12903 Luis C. Ho, Carnegie Institution of Washington The Evolutionary Link Between Type 2 and Type 1 Quasars
12930 Carrie Bridge, California Institute of Technology WISE Discovered Ly-alpha Blobs at High-z: The missing link?
12944 Katelyn Allers, Bucknell University A High-Resolution Survey of the Very Youngest Brown Dwarfs
12949 Daniel Perley, California Institute of Technology Unveiling the Dusty Universe with the Host Galaxies of Obscured GRBs
12995 Christopher Johns-Krull, Rice University Testing Disk Locking in the Orion Nebula Cluster
13003 Michael D. Gladders, University of Chicago Resolving the Star Formation in Distant Galaxies
13007 Lee Armus, California Institute of Technology UV Imaging of Luminous Infrared Galaxies in the GOALS Sample
13021 Jacob L. Bean, University of Chicago Revealing the Diversity of Super-Earth Atmospheres
13023 Marco Chiaberge, Space Telescope Science Institute - ESA Universe in transition: powerful activity in the Bright Ages
13024 John S. Mulchaey, Carnegie Institution of Washington A Public Snapshot Survey of Galaxies Associated with O VI and Ne VIII Absorbers
13033 Jason Tumlinson, Space Telescope Science Institute COS-Halos: New FUV Measurements of Baryons and Metals in the Inner Circumgalactic Medium
13044 Jessica R. Lu, University of Hawaii The IMF and Internal Kinematics of the Massive Young Star Cluster, Westerlund 1
13046 Robert P. Kirshner, Harvard University RAISIN: Tracers of cosmic expansion with SN IA in the IR
13057 Kailash C. Sahu, Space Telescope Science Institute Detecting and Measuring the Masses of Isolated Black Holes and Neutron Stars through Astrometric Microlensing

Selected highlights

GO 12790: Through a Lens, Darkly - New Constraints on the Fundamental Components of the Cosmos


The cluster MACS J1206.2-0.47, imaged by HST as part of the CLASH program
The overwhelming majority of galaxies in the universe are found in clusters. As such, these systems offer an important means of tracing the development of large-scale structure through the history of the universe. Moreover, as intense concentrations of mass, galaxy clusters provide highly efficient gravitational lenses, capable of concentrating and magnifying light from background high redshift galaxies to allow detailed spectropic investigations of star formation in the early universe. Hubble imaging has already revealed lensed arcs and detailed sub-structure within a handful of rich clusters. At the same time, the lensing characteristics provide information on the mass distribution within the lensing cluster. The present program aims to capitalise fully on HST's imaging capabilities, utilising the refurbished Advanced Camera for Surveys and the newly-installed Wide-Field Camera 3 to obtain 17-colour imaging of 25 rich clusters. The data will be use to map the mass profiles of the clusters and probe the characteristics of the high-redshift lensed galaxies. Since ACS and WFC3 can be operated in parallel, the program will also use parallel imaging in offset fields to search for high-redshift supernovae. The present observations target the cluster MACS1423+240 at z=0.213.

GO 12944: A High-Resolution Survey of the Very Youngest Brown Dwarfs


Multi-colour image of the Rho Ophiuchus region
Rho Ophiuchus is a star-forming region that lies within a molecular cloud complex at a distance of ~130 parsecs from the Sun. There are two major stellar concentrations, the young clusters Lynds 1688 and 1689. Both have been the subject of extensive ground-based observations, which have succeeded in identifying over several members, spread over an area of ~0.5 square degrees, with masses ranging from 2-3 solar masses to below the hydrogen burning limit. The clusters are much less massive than the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), and appears to break into two sub-units. Matched against theoretical isochrones, the colour-magnitude data suggest that the cluster is significantly younger than the ONC, with age estimates around ~0.5 Myrs These clusters therefore presents an interesting opportunity to investigate brown dwarfs at extremely young ages, and probe the extent to which environment plays a role in determining the properties of stars and brown dwarfs. The present program aims to focus on the lower mass members, using WFC3 to obtain multiwaveband, high resolution images that can search for extremely low-mass planetary companions.

GO 13021: Revealing the Diversity of Super-Earth Atmospheres


Artist's impression of a planet in the GJ 1214 system
GJ 1214 is a 14th magnitude M4.5 dwarf that lies at a distance of ~13 parsecs from the Sun in the constellation of Ophiuchus. It's main claim to fame is that it has a confirmed planetary companion in an orbit with a period of 1.58 days and a mass of 6.55+/-0.98 earth masses. This super-Earth transits the parent star, allowing an accurate determination of its diameter as 2.64 times that of Earth. Transiting systems offer a potential gold-mine for extrasolar planetary studies, since not only is the diameter (and hence the average density) directly measureable form the eclipse depth, but the atmospheric composition can be probed through line absorption or re-radiated thermal flux. The results from these measurments can be used to test, and improve, theoretical models of extrasolar planets. These observations are best done from space: indeed, the only successful atmospheric observations to date have been with HST and Spitzer. The present program will use the WFC3/IR grisms to map the near-IR spectral energy distribution through several trasnits, searching for characteristic features due to water and (perhaps) methane.

GO 13044: The IMF and Internal Kinematics of the Massive Young Star Cluster, Westerlund 1


The massive, reddedened open star cluster, Westerlnd 1
Westerlund 1 is a massive, young star cluster that lies somewhere between 3.5 and 5 kpc from the Sun in the constellation Ara in the general direction of the Galactic Centre. The cluster was discovered just over 50 years ago by Bengt Westerlund, but has only been subject to detailed scrutiny in more recent years since interstellar material along the line of sight leads to foreground absorption of around 14 magnitudes at optical wavelengths. Detailed investigations became possible as near-infrare astronomy came of age in the 1990s. These show that Westerlund 1 has an age of 4-5 Myrs, comparable with the Orion Nebula Cluster but probably singificantly more massive. The cluster includes several O stars within an extremely compact region. As a result, it presents an opportunity to examine how the star formation mioght be influenced by such an extreme environment. In particular, is there any evidence for changes in the IMF? The present proposal aims to use the WFC3-IR camera to obtain deep, multi-band images during the present cycle and in Cycle 22. Those observations will not only permit detection of cluster members with masses as low as ~0.1 MSun, but will enable astrometry of sufficient accuracy to constrain the iternal cluster kinematics.

Past weeks:
page by Neill Reid, updated 14/10/2012
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