HST this week: 312



This week on HST


HST Programs: November 7 - November 13, 2016

Program Number Principal Investigator Program Title
14066 Angela Adamo, Stockholm University Hi-PEEC, Hubble imaging Probe of Extreme Environments and Clusters
14069 Nate Bastian, Liverpool John Moores University Searching For Multiple Populations in Massive Young and Intermediate Age Clusters
14076 Boris T. Gaensicke, The University of Warwick An HST legacy ultraviolet spectroscopic survey of the 13pc white dwarf sample
14096 Dan Coe, Space Telescope Science Institute - ESA RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey
14104 Jesus Maiz Apellaniz, Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB, CSIC-INTA) The optical-UV extinction law in 30 Doradus
14160 John M. O'Meara, Saint Michaels College A 100 million-fold increase in the measured sizes of neutral gas reservoirs in the early Universe
14163 Mickael Rigault, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin Honing Type Ia Supernovae as Distance Indicators, Exploiting Environmental Bias for H0 and w.
14164 Ata Sarajedini, University of Florida Exploring the nature and synchronicity of early cluster formation in the Local Group
14170 Eva Wuyts, Max-Planck-Institut fur extraterrestrische Physik A Complete Census: Mapping the Lya Emission and Stellar Continuum in a Lensed Main-Sequence Galaxy at z=2.39 Hosting an AGN-driven Nuclear Outflow
14178 Matthew A. Malkan, University of California - Los Angeles WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallel Survey: The WISP Deep Fields
14182 Thomas H. Puzia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile The Coma Cluster Core Project
14216 Robert P. Kirshner, Harvard University RAISIN2: Tracers of cosmic expansion with SN IA in the IR
14219 John P. Blakeslee, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory Homogeneous Distances and Central Profiles for MASSIVE Survey Galaxies with Supermassive Black Holes
14236 Sangmo Tony Sohn, Space Telescope Science Institute The First Proper Motions of Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxies: Probing Reionization and Planar Associations of Satellites
14259 Denija Crnojevic, Texas Tech University Resolved halo substructures beyond the Local Group: the assembly histories of NGC 253 and NGC 5128
14353 Andrew S. Fruchter, Space Telescope Science Institute The Astrophysics of the Most Energetic Gamma-Ray Bursts
14497 Renske Smit, Durham Univ. Identifying z>12 galaxies with JWST: What sources produce strong UV emission lines?
14594 Rich Bielby, Durham Univ. QSAGE: QSO Sightline And Galaxy Evolution
14606 Brooke Devlin Simmons, University of California - San Diego Secular Black Hole Growth and Feedback in Merger-Free Galaxies
14611 Or Graur, Harvard University Going gently into the night: constraining Type Ia supernova nucleosynthesis using late-time photometry
14618 Michael Shara, American Museum of Natural History Ultraviolet Flashers in M87: Rapidly Recurring Novae as SNIa Progenitors
14625 Gilda E. Ballester, University of Arizona Connecting the lower and upper atmospheres of a warm-Neptune. Implications for planetary evolution.
14632 Dawn K. Erb, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee Lyman-alpha Imaging at ~20 pc Resolution in a Low Mass Lensed Galaxy at z=1.85
14648 Adam Riess, The Johns Hopkins University A New Threshold of Precision, 30 micro-arcsecond Parallaxes and Beyond
14654 Peter Milne, University of Arizona A Second Ladder: Testing for Bias in the Type Ia Distance Scale with SBF
14677 Tim Schrabback, Universitat Bonn, Argelander Institute for Astronomy Probing the most distant high-mass galaxy clusters from SPT with HST weak lensing observations
14704 Charlie Conroy, Harvard University A Year in the Whirlpool
14707 Philip Louis Massey, Lowell Observatory Searching for the Most Massive Stars in M31 and M33
14732 James Andrew Hogg, University of Maryland 2MASS J00423991+3017515: An AGN On The Run?
14733 Luke Hovey, Los Alamos National Laboratory Single-Degenerate or Double-Degenerate? The Case for a Third Epoch Observation of the Confirmed Ia Supernova Remnant 0509-67.5
14734 Nitya Kallivayalil, The University of Virginia Milky Way Cosmology: Laying the Foundation for Full 6-D Dynamical Mapping of the Nearby Universe
14762 Justyn Robert Maund, University of Sheffield A UV census of the sites of core-collapse supernovae
14766 Joshua D. Simon, Carnegie Institution of Washington ACS Imaging of the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum II: Age-Dating a Unique Nucleosynthetic Event
14767 David Kent Sing, University of Exeter The Panchromatic Comparative Exoplanetary Treasury Program
14793 Jacob L. Bean, University of Chicago The First Precise Atmospheric Metallicity Measurement for a Sub-Jovian Exoplanet
14840 Andrea Bellini, Space Telescope Science Institute Schedule Gap Pilot
14862 Ariel Goobar, Stockholm University Resolving the multiple images of the strongly lensed SNIa iPTF16geu
14864 Jessica Agarwal, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Tracing rotational fission in the first known active binary asteroid system 288P/300163

Selected highlights

GO 14069: Searching For Multiple Populations in Massive Young and Intermediate Age Clusters


HST image of the LMC cluster, NGC 1866
Globular clusters are remnants of the first substantial burst of star formation in the Milky Way. With typical masses of a few x 105 solar masses, distributed among several x 106 stars, the standard picture holds that these are simple systems, where all the stars formed in a single starburst and, as a consequence, have the same age and metallicity. Until recently, the only known exception to this rule was the cluster Omega Centauri, which is significantly more massive than most clusters and has both double main sequence and a range of metallicities among the evolved stars. Over the past 5-10 years, Omega Cen has been joined by numerous other Galactic clusters, including NGC 2808, which shows evidence for three distinct branches to the main sequence, NGC 1851, 47 Tucanae and NGC 6752 - all relatively massive clusters. In almost all cases, the complexity of these systems has only emerged through the high precision observations possible with HST. Hubble is now being turned towards clusters in our nearest neighbour galaxies, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. Previousl observations have obtained of the massive cluster NGC 1846. The present program aims to extends coverage to a dozen other clusters, including NGC 419, 1783, 1850 and 1866. The clusters span a wide range of ages, from ~100 Myrs to close to 10 Gyrs. The WFC3-UVIS camera will be used to obtain UV (F343N, F336W) and blue-band (F438W) images to search for evidence of multiple populations in the colour-magnitude diagrams.

GO 14497: Identifying z>12 galaxies with JWST: What sources produce strong UV emission lines?


Chandra image of the galaxy cluster RCS 0224-0002; X-ray point sources are flagged
The James Webb Space Telescope, set for launch in October 2018, is expected to revolutionise our ubderstanding of the earliest epochs of galaxy formation at redshifts z . 10. At those high redshifts, JWST's infrared imaging and spectroscopy will be probing the rest-frome ultraviolet for those young galaxies. The present program aims to provide some insight into the types of galaxies that might produce emission lines at those redshifts. The observations focus on a redshift z=4.87 galaxy that is being lensed by a galaxy cluster, RCS 0224-0002, at z~0.773. This system has been studied extensively by both HST and ground-based telesopes, including, crucially, the MUSE integrated field spectroscopic unit on the Very Large Telescope. Those observations reveal the presence of strong CIV absorption, suggestive of extended star forming regions. The present program will use Hubble to obtain deep imaging in the I-band with the Advanced Camera for Surveys, and in the J and H bands with the Wide Field camera 3 infrared camera. Those images will provide the spatial resolution required to determine the extent of the star forming regions in this galaxy, and help prepare for JWST observations of even high redshift systems.

GO 14767: The Panchromatic Comparative Exoplanetary Treasury Program


Artist's impression of the GJ 1214 system
The first exoplanet, 51 Peg b, was discovered through radial velocity measurements in 1995. 51 Pegb was followed by a trickle, and then a flood of other discoveries, as astronomers realised that there were other solar systems radically different from our own, where "hot jupiters" led to short-period, high-amplitude velocity variations. Then, in 1999, came the inevitable discovery that one of those hot jupiters. HD 209458b, was in an orbit aligned with our line of sight to the star, resulting in transits. Since that date, the number of known transiting exoplanet systems has grown to more than 100 from ground-based observations, most detected through wide-field photometric surveys, while the high-sensitivity data provided by Kepler has added a further 1000+ confirmed systems and ~2000 additional candidates. Transiting systems not only provide an accurate measure of the planetary radius (at least relative to the parent star), they also provide us with an opportunity to probe the atmospheric composition through spectroscopy during the transit. Hubble has made significant inroads in this area, while Spitzer has contributed measurements of planetary emissivity through observations during and after eclipse. The James Webb Space Telescope has the capability to revolutionise our knowledge in this field through highly sensitiive observations at near and mid-infra red wavelengths. The present program aims to lay the foundation for those programs by using Hubble to compile multiwavelength (UV to near-IR) spectroscopic observations of 20 exoplanets. The targets are all gas giants, ranging from super-jovian masses to neptunian masses. The observations will be obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and the near-infrared grisms on Wide Field Camera 3.

Past weeks:
page by Neill Reid, updated 23/12/2014
These pages are produced and updated on a best effort basis. Consequently, there may be periods when significant lags develop. we apologise in advance for any inconvenience to the reader.

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