GEMC1 has been identified as a master gene for the generation of multiciliated cells -- cells with fine filaments that move fluids and substances -- which are found exclusively in the brain, respiratory tract, and reproductive system. Defects in multiciliated cells lead to ciliopathies -- rare and complex diseases that are poorly understood and for which not all causative genes have been identified.

Source: Discovery of a gene associated with a set of poorly understood rare diseases